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士仁

士仁(?—?),字君义,一作傅士仁幽州广阳人(今北京市),三国时期蜀汉孙吴人物。史书上一般都记载其姓名为士仁,然而《三国志·蜀志·关羽传》有一个地方写成傅士仁,《三国演义》乃至《资治通鉴》的一些章节亦将其记为傅士仁,但学者多认为是史书传钞过程的谬误。

生平

士仁本为蜀将,驻扎于公安,由于和关羽不和,和麋芳认为关羽轻视自己。219年,关羽北伐(樊城之战),士仁和麋芳因为未能供给足够军需,关羽扬言回师后将二人治罪,二人心感畏惧。当时关羽正于樊城围攻曹将曹仁,与麋芳一同倒戈,迎接吴军入主荆州

士仁原本拒守城池不出,吕蒙派虞翻前往游说,士仁也拒绝接见。虞翻写信给士仁,告诫士仁吴军之所以能轻易兵临公安且一路上未被斥候察觉亦无烽火警讯,那是因为吴军早就有内应了,如今吕蒙将径取南郡,士仁独守孤城,进退皆无生路。士仁读过信之后,涕泣出降。吕蒙派兵接管公安,带士仁去给麋芳看,麋芳于是开城投降。

评价

  • 杨戏:“古之奔臣,礼有来逼,怨兴司官,不顾大德。靡有匡救,倍成奔北,自绝于人,作笑二国。”(《三国志·邓张宗杨传第十五》)
  • 李贽:“傅士仁真反也,罪不容诛。”“若傅士仁,孟达,则反国之贼也,罪不容诛矣。”(汇评三国志演义)

艺术形象

《三国演义》

三国演义》记载士仁的名字为傅士仁。傅士仁怂恿麋芳降吴,让吕蒙顺利占领荆州,使关羽无后退之路,间接害得关羽兵败将亡。后来夷陵之战时,刘备大军征吴,傅士仁与麋芳亦是其复仇目标,蜀军势如破竹,声势大振时,二人听到军心有变,知道有军士打算杀掉他们二人,于是趁夜杀死马忠,带着其首级重新投奔蜀国,希望求得赦免。但刘备无意饶恕,遂将傅士仁与麋芳一同斩首

石像

四川有“诸葛双忠祠”纪念蜀汉末年在绵竹关战死的诸葛瞻及其子诸葛尚,为四川重要蜀汉遗址之一。祠内有“蜀汉三叛”士仁、麋芳与郝普的石雕跪像,与诸葛瞻父子形成强烈对比。

影视形象

  • 2004年电视剧《武圣关公》:耿圣凯饰演傅士仁
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士仁
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