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阎圃.
阎圃(?—?),益州巴西安汉(今四川南充)人,东汉末年汉中军阀张鲁手下,任功曹。张鲁欲称汉中王,阎圃谏张鲁曰:“汉川之民,户出十万,财富土沃,四面险固;上匡天子,则为桓、文,次及窦融,不失富贵。今承制署置,势足斩断,不烦于王。愿且不称,勿为祸先。”张鲁从之。(三国志 魏书八 二公孙陶四张传)
建安二十年(215年),曹操从散关出征汉中武都,至阳平关。 张鲁本来想举汉中投降,其弟张卫不肯,率兵数万人守阳平关。张鲁听闻阳平已陷,又想举汉中投降,阎圃又曰:“现在以危急投降,军功必轻;不如先依附杜濩、朴胡共拒曹操,然后委质子投降,军功必多。”于是张鲁先退避到巴中(今四川巴中)。
之后随张鲁投降曹操,封平乐乡侯。黄初中,增加阎圃爵邑,在礼请中。十余年后病死。
家庭
妻
董氏,马超庶妻,马超投刘备时仍留在汉中。张鲁降曹后,曹操将其赐予阎圃。
子女
- 阎璞,嗣爵,仕吴至牂柯太守。(晋书 卷四十八 列传第十八)
孙
三国演义
与史实差异不大,唯增加荐庞德[1]以抗曹军及劝张鲁不应出城迎战曹军。[2]
三国演义参考资料
- ^ 《三国演义》:曹操知夏侯渊斩了杨任,即时进兵,直抵南郑下寨。张鲁慌聚文武商议。阎圃曰:“某保一人,可敌曹操手下诸将。”鲁问是谁。圃曰:“南安庞德,前随马超,投降主公;后马超往西川庞德卧病不曾行。现今蒙主公恩养,何不令此人去﹖”
- ^ 《三国演义》:败军回报张鲁,鲁欲坚守。杨松曰:“今若不出,坐以待毙矣。某守城,主公当亲与决一死战。”鲁从之。阎圃谏鲁休出。鲁不听,遂引军出迎。未及交锋,后军已走。张鲁急退,背后曹兵赶来。鲁到城下,杨松闭门不纳。张鲁无路可走,操从后追至,大叫:“何不早降!”鲁乃下马投拜。操大喜;念其封仓库之心,优礼相待,封鲁为镇南将军。阎圃等皆封列侯。
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