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郤正

郤正(3世纪—278年),令先偃师(今属河南)人,本名三国蜀汉官员,蜀汉亡后在西晋任官。

生平

郤正年少时父亲郤揖孟达降曹魏,不久后死去,母亲改嫁,郤正则留在益州。虽然孤苦无依,但安贫好学,博览群书,后来当秘书吏,又转职秘书令史,迁任秘书郎,最后官至秘书令。性格淡薄荣利,醉心于阅读古书及作文之中,益州当时有的书籍,他几乎都已看过。由于常居内职,与宦官黄皓作比邻三十年,黄皓身份由卑微至显贵,在朝中玩弄权势;郤正不为黄皓所喜爱,亦不为其所憎恶,仕途只停留在六百石秩等的官职,也免于官场的困扰。

景耀六年(263年),邓艾兵临成都,蜀汉后主刘禅听从光禄大夫谯周投降的建议,由郤正撰写降书,遣使向邓艾投降。翌年正月锺会叛乱,当时成都一片混乱,刘禅东迁洛阳,众多宫员只有郤正(史载他舍妻子随刘禅)和殿中督张通随行。刘禅有赖于郤正的指导,到洛阳后行事举止皆无误,刘禅于是感慨叹惜,后悔太迟认识郤正。后赐爵关内侯

西晋武帝泰始年间,出任安阳令,又于泰始八年(272年)迁任巴西太守,并下诏:“(郤)正昔在成都,颠沛守义,不违忠节,及见受用,尽心干事,有治理之绩,其(郤)正为巴西太守。”对其甚为赞赏。咸宁四年(278年)逝世。留下数百篇文学作品。

乐不思蜀

蜀汉亡后,刘禅移居魏国都城洛阳,封为安乐县公。某日司马昭设宴款待刘禅,嘱咐演奏蜀乐曲,并以歌舞助兴时,蜀汉旧臣们想起亡国之痛,个个掩面或低头流泪。独刘禅怡然自若,不为悲伤。司马昭见到,便问刘禅:“安乐公是否思念蜀?”刘禅答道:“此间乐,不思蜀也。”他的旧臣郤正闻此言,趁上厕所时对他说:“陛下,下次如司马昭若再问同一件事,您就先注视着宫殿的上方,接着闭上眼睛一阵子,最后张开双眼,很认真地说:‘先人坟墓,远在蜀地,我没有一天不想念啊!’这样,司马昭就能让陛下回蜀了。”刘禅听后,牢记在心。酒至半酣,司马昭又问同样的问题,刘禅赶忙把郤正教他的学了一遍。司马昭听了,即回以:“咦,这话怎么像是郤正说的?”刘禅大感惊奇道:“你怎么知道呀!”司马昭及左右大臣哈哈大笑。司马昭见刘禅如此老实忠恳,从此再也不怀疑他。刘禅就这样在洛阳安乐地度过余生。而这就是乐不思蜀一典故的来历。[1]

家族

父族

参考资料

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:三国志·卷42》,出自陈寿三国志
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郤正
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