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边让.
边让(?—?),字文礼,一作元礼[1],兖州陈留郡浚仪县(今河南省开封市)人。
生平
年少时,博学善辩,又能写文章,曾作《章华赋》,因此名噪一时,在当时甚有名声。汉灵帝时,大将军何进以军事征召为令史。官至九江郡太守。初平年间,天下大乱,弃官回家。孔融曾经向曹操推荐边让[1]。有外孙虞松。[2]
三国演义
边让与陶谦交厚,知徐州有难,引兵来救,曹操知道后大怒,后为夏侯惇截杀。[3]
边让殁年之疑
关于边让殁年在《后汉书·文苑列传》上记为“建安年中”,边让不屈从曹操,多有轻侮之言,但是曹操并未因此立即杀他,直到建安年间因故得罪同郡乡人而向郡守诬陷告发他的罪名,曹操才立即交付郡守将其处死。若依“建安年中”说法,边让殁年时间应该在196年至200年间。
但根据袁绍属臣陈琳所编撰的《为袁绍檄豫州文》内文[4]以及《曹瞒传》[5],边让为曹操在兖州期间杀害。兖州事变年份为194年(兴平元年)。
《资治通鉴》则记载曹操听闻边让“尝讥议操”因此杀了他,并其妻子。边让素有才名,曹操此举让兖州士大夫皆恐惧,并导致兖州官吏陈宫等人背叛曹操迎接吕布[6]。
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 《太平御览》卷707引《边让别传》:让字元礼,才辩俊逸。孔融荐于魏武曰:“边让为九州之牧则不足,为单衣襜褕则有馀。”
- ^ 裴注《三国志·锺会传》:松字叔茂,陈留人,九江太守边让外孙。
- ^ 《三国演义第十回》:九江太守边让,与陶谦交厚,闻知徐州有难,自引兵五千来救。操闻之大怒,使夏侯惇于路截杀之
- ^ 《后汉书》卷74:而操遂乘资跋扈,肆行酷烈,割剥元元,残贤害善。故九江太守边让,英才儁逸,天下知名,以直言正色,论不阿谄,身首被枭县之戮,妻孥受灰灭之咎。自是士林愤痛,民怨弥重,一夫奋臂,举州同声,故躬破于徐方,地夺于吕布,彷徨东裔,蹈据无所。
- ^ 《三国志》卷1注引《曹瞒传》:初,袁忠为沛相,尝欲以法治太祖,沛国桓邵亦轻之,及在兖州,陈留边让言议颇侵太祖,太祖杀让,族其家,忠、邵俱避难交州,太祖遣使就太守士燮尽族之。
- ^ 《资治通鉴》卷61:前九江太守陈留边让尝讥议操,操闻而杀之,并其妻子。让素有才名,由是兖州士大夫皆恐惧。陈宫性刚直壮烈,内亦自疑,乃与从事中郎许汜、王楷及邈弟超共谋叛操。
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