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公孙康 .
公孙康 (2世纪—3世纪),辽东郡 襄平县 (今辽宁省 辽阳 市区)人。东汉 末年,割据于辽东地区的军阀 。最著名事迹是将袁熙 、袁尚 首级送与曹操 。
连环画《三国演义》(1957年版)中的公孙康画像
事迹
早年被时任襄平县令的公孙昭命为伍长,为公孙度 的霸业留下了契机。[1] 建安 九年(204年)其父公孙度去世,公孙康继承了他的职位。自封为辽东侯 。
207年,袁熙、袁尚联合蹋顿 单于进攻白狼山 ,被曹操手下大将张辽 击败,蹋顿单于被斩首。袁熙、袁尚和数千骑兵逃往辽东,公孙康恐袁熙、袁尚鸠占鹊巢,又见曹操无进军之意,于是将二人斩杀,首级送给曹操,被拜为左将军,封襄平侯 。建安年间,公孙康攻陷高句丽都城[2] ,并分屯有县以南荒地为带方郡 ,此外还派遣军队讨伐韩濊[3] 。公孙康死后,二子尚幼,辽东太守一职由公孙康之弟公孙恭 接任。
家庭
祖先
公孙延,公孙康祖父,与公孙度 一起移居至玄菟 。
公孙度 ,公孙康之父,辽东太守,不断开辟疆土,为后人打下基础。
兄弟
公孙恭 ,公孙康之弟。于公孙康死后,继承了其兄辽东太守的职位。后大病成为阉人,被长大的公孙渊 胁逼退位。
儿子
女儿
辽东公孙氏世系图
评价
郭昕、柳浦 :“康践统洪绪,克壮徽猷,文昭武烈,迈德种仁;乃心京辇,翼翼虔恭,佐国平乱,效绩纷纭,功隆事大,勋藏王府。度、康当值武皇帝休明之会,合策名之计,夹辅汉室,降身委质,卑己事魏。匪处小厌大,畏而服焉,乃慕讬高风,怀仰盛懿也。”(《三国志·卷八·魏书八·二公孙陶四张传第八》裴松之注引《魏书》)
钟伯敬 :“袁氏兄弟亦有诡计,毕竟死于公孙氏手,以公孙氏计更诡也。”(《汇评三国志演义》)
陶元珍 :“公孙氏灭后不数年有毌丘俭讨高句骊之役,功烈足称,其攻破高句骊国都,可与公孙康后先辉映。”(《辽东公孙氏事迹杂考》)
参考资料
^ 《三国志·公孙度传》:先时,属国公孙昭守襄平令,召度子康 为伍长。
^ 《三国志·魏志·东夷传》〈高句丽〉:建安中,公孙康出军击之,破其国,焚烧邑落。
^ 3.0 3.1 《三国志·乌丸鲜卑东夷传》:“桓、灵之末,韩濊强盛,郡县不能制,民多流入韩国。建安中,公孙康分屯有县以南荒地为带方郡,遣公孙模、张敞等收集遗民,兴兵伐韩濊,旧民稍出,是后倭韩遂属带方。
^ 《三国志·牵招 传》:又辽东太守公孙康自称平州牧,遣使韩忠赍单于印绶往假峭王。峭王大会群长,忠亦在坐。
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