For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for
蹋顿.
蹋顿(?—207年),也作蹹顿[1],东汉末年在辽西郡一带的乌桓酋长,最终死于白狼山之战。
生平
汉献帝初平年间,丘力居单于去世,儿子楼班年幼,从子蹋顿有武勇智略,因此由他代立为单于。并总领辽西郡、右北平郡、辽东郡三郡的乌丸部落,各部众皆听从他的号令,深受部族的拥戴信服。
东汉建安初年,遣使向袁绍求和。建安四年(199年),在袁绍与公孙瓒相争之际,蹋顿曾出兵协助袁绍,击破公孙瓒。袁绍因此假传朝廷诏命,赐予蹋顿及三王上谷大人难楼、辽东大人苏仆延、右北平大人乌延等人单于称号及印绶。后来楼班长大,难楼、苏仆延率其部众奉立楼班为单于,蹋顿于是退位为王,总长乌桓事宜。
袁绍死后,建安十年(205年),继承人袁尚被曹操击败,转而求助蹋顿,当时逃到乌桓的幽冀两州官民有十万多户,袁尚企图凭着这些人力夺回河北。以三郡乌桓兵攻犷平,为曹操所败,逃回。建安十二年(207年),曹操亲自出征乌桓。八月,在柳城(今辽宁锦西西北)白狼山大破乌袁联军,曹纯部虎豹骑俘获蹋顿[2],蹋顿当阵为张辽斩杀。[3]曹操大喜,把蹋顿头颅挂在马鞍上,兴奋地在马上鼓掌跳舞。[1]曹操继续挥军追击,收降胡、汉人口二十多万人,尽被迁至内地,乌桓后逐渐与汉族融合。
艺术形象
三国演义
在《三国演义》三十三回中有描写到袁绍和与乌桓的友好关系,蹋顿于袁尚、袁熙兵败北逃后仍然相助其抗曹。曹操骑着马在白狼山的高处瞭望,见蹋顿军的人数虽多,但阵形不整,于是对张辽说:“敌兵不整,便可击之。”之后张辽带领许褚、于禁、徐晃三人兵分四路下山,乘敌军阵形变动之时,发动猛攻。蹋顿兵阵形大乱,张辽并将蹋顿斩于马下。
影视
漫画
评价
- 陈寿《三国志》:“蹋顿又骁武,边长老皆比之冒顿,恃其阻远,敢受亡命,以雄百蛮。”
- 范晔《后汉书》:“石槐骁猛,尽有单于之地;蹋顿凶桀,公据辽西之土。其陵跨中国,结患生人者,靡世而宁焉。然制御上略,历世无闻;周、汉之策,仅得中下。将天之冥数,以至于是乎?”
- 叶适:“以汉髙灭秦、项之威,而匈奴项领,受围平城。光武百战百克,遂定海内,而卢芳连胡扰边,终其身不能屈。乌丸蹋顿之暴,不减前世。曹操亲伐,一战斩之,徙其部落,遂为名骑,所向有功,何其壮也。”
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 《太平御览》卷574引《英雄记》:十二年,攻乌桓蹹顿,一战斩蹹顿首,系马鞍,于马上抃舞。
- ^ 陈寿,《三国志》,卷09,〈诸夏侯曹传·曹仁附曹纯传〉
- ^ 陈寿,《三国志》,卷17,〈张乐于张徐传〉
{{bottomLinkPreText}}
{{bottomLinkText}}
This page is based on a Wikipedia article written by
contributors (read/edit).
Text is available under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
{{current.index+1}} of {{items.length}}
Thanks for reporting this video!
This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:
An extension you use may be preventing Wikiwand articles from loading properly.
If you're using HTTPS Everywhere or you're unable to access any article on Wikiwand, please consider switching to HTTPS (https://www.wikiwand.com).
An extension you use may be preventing Wikiwand articles from loading properly.
If you are using an Ad-Blocker, it might have mistakenly blocked our content.
You will need to temporarily disable your Ad-blocker to view this page.
✕
This article was just edited, click to reload
Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}
Follow Us
Don't forget to rate us
Oh no, there's been an error
Please help us solve this error by emailing us at
support@wikiwand.com
Let us know what you've done that caused this error, what browser you're using, and whether you have any special extensions/add-ons installed.
Thank you!