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赵韪

赵韪(2世纪—201年),巴西人,东汉末年官员。

生平

太常江夏人刘焉看到汉朝王室多难,向汉灵帝建议:“四方兵寇,由刺史威轻,既不能禁,且用非其人,以致离叛。宜改置牧伯,选清名重臣以居其任。”本来想求领交阯避祸的刘焉因听董扶说益州有天子之气,改向朝廷请求为益州牧。于是刘焉被封阳城侯,前往益州整饬吏治,董扶也担任蜀郡属国都尉,太仓令赵韪亦辞官追随刘焉,同赴益州。[1]

兴平元年(194年),刘焉发背疮而死。赵韪等认为刘焉之子刘璋温仁,保其为益州刺史,诏书因以为监军使者,领益州牧,刘璋部属沈弥、娄发、甘宁起事反对刘璋,失败后,叛军入荆州避乱,刘璋遂令赵韪为征东中郎将对付刘表,赵韪进军荆州,屯兵朐忍,未有战果。[2][3]

赵韪之乱

刘焉入蜀之初,曾招集自南阳三辅流入益州的难民,组成一支军队,号称“东州兵”,刘璋任益州牧后,因性格懦弱,东州兵常常倚势欺凌当地居民,刘璋无能约束,赵韪素得人心,刘璋令其安抚。

建安五年(200年),赵韪利用益州百姓怨恨之心,赵韪先以是收买荆州地方官,后联合益州本土大族起兵反叛,获得了益州势力和民众的支持,蜀郡广汉犍为等地纷纷响应,势力甚盛。[4]

建安六年(201年),赵韪围攻成都,东州兵恐一旦失败被诛,奋勇力战。赵韪败退江州,部下庞乐、李异此时反叛,攻击赵韪军,杀死赵韪。[5][6]

评价

  • 胡三省曰:“赵韪随刘焉入蜀,将以图富贵,而卒以杀身。行险以徼幸,不如居易以矣命也。”(《胡三省注资治通鉴》)

参考资料

  1. ^ 《三国志刘二牧传第一》:扶亦求为蜀郡西部属国都尉,及太仓令(会)巴西赵韪去官,俱随焉。
  2. ^ 英雄记曰:璋将沈弥、娄发、甘宁反,击璋不胜,走入荆州。璋使赵韪进攻荆州,屯朐(月忍)。上蠢,下如振反。
  3. ^ 《三国志刘二牧传第一》:兴平元年,痈疽发背而卒。州大吏赵韪等贪璋温仁,共上璋为益州刺史,诏书因以为监军使者,领益州牧,以韪为征东中郎将,率众击刘表。
  4. ^ 英雄记曰:先是,南阳、三辅人流入益州数万家,收以为兵,名曰东州兵。璋性宽柔,无威略,东州人侵暴旧民,璋不能禁,政令多阙,益州颇怨。赵韪素得人心,璋委任之。韪因民怨谋叛,乃厚赂荆州请和,阴结州中大姓,与俱起兵,还击璋。蜀郡、广汉、犍为皆应韪。
  5. ^ 英雄记曰:璋驰入成都城守,东州人畏(威),咸同心并力助璋,皆殊死战,遂破反者,进攻韪于江州。韪将庞乐、李异反杀韪军,斩韪。
  6. ^ 《资治通鉴·卷六十四》:赵韪围刘璋于成都。东州人恐见诛灭,相与力战,韪遂败退,追至江州,杀之。
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赵韪
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