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刘伶

刘伶
文学家、竹林七贤之一
刘伶
《竹林七贤与荣启期》,南朝墓砖画。左至右分别为阮咸、刘伶、向秀
国家
时代三国西晋
伯伦
《酒德颂》

刘伶(约221年—300年),伯伦沛国(今安徽宿县)人,“竹林七贤”之一。曾为建威参军。晋武帝泰始初,对朝廷策问,强调无为而治,以无能罢免。平生嗜,曾作《酒德颂》,宣扬老庄思想和纵酒放诞之情趣,对传统“礼法”表示蔑视。

传记与笔记

晋书·列传十九·刘伶》载其:身长六尺,容貌甚陋。放情肆志,常以细宇宙齐万物为心。澹默少言,不妄交游,与阮籍、嵇康相遇,欣然神解,携手入林。初不以家产有无介意。常乘鹿车,携一壶酒,使人荷锸而随之,谓曰:“死便埋我。”其遗形骸如此。尝渴甚,求酒于其妻。妻捐酒毁器,涕泣谏曰:“君酒太过,非摄生之道,必宜断之。”伶曰:“善!吾不能自禁,惟当祝鬼神自誓耳。便可具酒肉。”妻从之。伶跪祝曰:

仍引酒御肉,隗然复醉。尝醉与俗人相忤,其人攘袂奋拳而往。伶徐曰:“鸡肋不足以安尊拳。”其人笑而止。

世说新语》记载,刘伶恒纵酒放达。或脱衣裸形在屋中,人见讥之。伶曰∶

作品《酒德颂》

有大人先生者,以天地为一朝,万朝为须臾,日月为扃牖,八荒为庭衢。行无辙迹,居无室庐,幕天席地,纵意所如。止则操卮执觚,动则挈榼提壶,唯酒是务,焉知其余?

有贵介公子,缙绅处士,闻吾风声,议其所以。乃奋袂攮襟,怒目切齿,陈说礼法,是非锋起。先生于是方捧罂承槽,衔杯漱醪。奋髯箕踞[注],枕麹藉糟,无思无虑,其乐陶陶。兀然而醉,豁尔而醒。静听不闻雷霆之声,熟视不睹泰山之形,不觉寒暑之切肌,利欲之感情。俯观万物,扰扰焉如江汉三载浮萍;二豪侍侧焉,如蜾蠃之与螟蛉。

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:晋书·卷049》,出自房玄龄晋书

参考来源

  • 《晋书·列传十九·刘伶》
  • 《世说新语》
  • 古今图书集成》·方舆汇编坤舆典·冢墓部·汇考·保定府


外部链接

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刘伶
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