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溴化物

溴化物
系统名
Bromide[1]
识别
CAS号 24959-67-9  checkY
PubChem 259
ChemSpider 254
SMILES
 
  • [Br-]
Beilstein 3587179
Gmelin 14908
ChEBI 15858
KEGG C01324
性质
化学式 Br
摩尔质量 79.904 g mol−1 g·mol⁻¹
热力学
ΔfHm298K −121 kJ·mol−1[2]
S298K 82 J·mol−1·K−1[2]
药理学
ATC代码 N05CM11N05
药代动力学
12 d
相关物质
其他阴离子 氟化物

氯化物
碘化物

若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

溴化物是含有负价(Br)的一类化合物。溴离子是原子得到一个电子后形成的离子。溴化物也可以代表共价化合物中溴的氧化态为 -1 的化合物,如二溴化硫 (SBr2)。

溴离子可通过向试液中加入硝酸酸化的硝酸银溶液得到黄色溴化银沉淀的方法来鉴别。为了防止还原性阴离子 S2−SO32− 和 S2O32− 干扰 Br 的鉴定,可通过以下方法[3]

向试液中加入硝酸和硝酸银溶液使 Cl、Br 和 I 沉淀为银盐,然后在沉淀上加锌粉和水并加热,反应为:
2AgBr + Zn = 2Ag + Zn2+ + 2Br
2AgI + Zn = 2Ag + Zn2+ + 2I
取离心液加稀 H2SO4 酸化,同时加入几滴(或 CCl4),滴加新鲜氯水并振荡,如苯层显 I2 的紫色示有 I 的存在;继续加入氯水,I 被氧化为 IO3,故紫色消失,有机层出现 Br2 的红棕色或 BrCl 的黄色,示有 Br

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Bromide – PubChem Public Chemical Database. The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. (原始内容存档于2012-11-03). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Zumdahl, Steven S. Chemical Principles 6th Ed.. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2009. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7. 
  3. ^ 华中师范大学等编。《分析化学》上册。北京:高等教育出版社,2001年。ISBN 7-04-009140-2
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溴化物
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