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2-甲基-2-丁醇

2-甲基-2-丁醇
IUPAC名
2-Methyl-2-butanol[1]
系统名
2-Methylbutan-2-ol[1]
别名 叔戊醇,二甲基乙基原醇
识别
CAS号 75-85-4  checkY
PubChem 6405
ChemSpider 6165
SMILES
 
  • CCC(C)(C)O
Beilstein 1361351
UN编号 1105
EINECS 200-908-9
RTECS SC0175000
KEGG D02931
MeSH tert-amyl+alcohol
性质
化学式 C5H12O
摩尔质量 88.15 g·mol−1
外观 无色液体
气味 樟脑味
密度 0.805 g/cm3[2]
熔点 -9 °C(264 K)
沸点 101-103 °C(374-376 K)
溶解性 120 g dm−3
溶解性 可溶于氯仿乙醚乙醇[3]
log P 1.095
蒸气压 1.6 kPa (20 °C)
折光度n
D
1.405
热力学
ΔfHm298K −380.0–−379.0 kJ mol−1
ΔcHm −3.3036–−3.3026 MJ mol−1
S298K 229.3 J K−1 mol−1
危险性
警示术语 R:R11, R20, R37/38
安全术语 S:S2, S46
MSDS hazard.com
欧盟编号 603-007-00-2
欧盟分类 易燃 F 有害 Xn
GHS危险性符号
《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中易燃物的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中有害物质的标签图案
GHS提示词 危险
H-术语 H225, H315, H332, H335
P-术语 P210, P261
NFPA 704
3
1
0
 
闪点 19 °C;24 °C (开杯)
自燃温度 437 °C
爆炸极限 9%
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

2-甲基-2-丁醇,或称叔戊醇,学名结构式(CH3)2C(OH)CH2CH3

性质

无色液体。易燃,燃烧时具有类似樟脑的气味。溶于8倍的水,水溶液对石蕊呈中性。与乙醇乙醚氯仿甘油类混溶。有中等毒性,对呼吸系统、眼、鼻有刺激作用。

制备

乙炔丙酮经炔酮化反应生成乙炔基异丙醇,后者经分离、加氢和精馏,得叔戊醇。

用途

用于制取香料、增塑剂、彩色胶片成色剂、浮选剂和溶剂等,也用作液压油、润滑油等石油产品的添加剂。

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 tert-Amyl alcohol - Compound Summary. PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Identification and Related Records. 26 March 2005 [2011-12-13]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-03). 
  2. ^ Lomte, S.B.; Bawa, M.J.; Lande, M.K.; Arbad, B.R. Densities and Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Butanone with Branched Alcohols at (293.15 to 313.15) K. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 2009, 54: 127–130. doi:10.1021/je800571y. 
  3. ^ Haynes, William M.; Lide, David R.; Bruno, Thomas J. Section 3 - Physical Constants of Organic Compounds. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 95th Edition 95th. CRC Press. 2014: 362. ISBN 9781482208689. OCLC 908078665. 
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2-甲基-2-丁醇
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