For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 灶神庙.

灶神庙

41°53′30″N 12°29′11″E / 41.891664°N 12.486262°E / 41.891664; 12.486262

灶神庙
Aedes Vestae
灶神庙遗迹
概要
地点 意大利罗马古罗马广场
坐标41°53′30″N 12°29′10″E / 41.891707°N 12.486206°E / 41.891707; 12.486206
竣工日未知的旧王国时代
地图
地图
灶神庙内的砖

灶神庙拉丁语Aedes Vestae)是意大利罗马的一座古代神庙,位于古罗马广场,介于卡斯托尔和波吕克斯神庙凯撒神庙雷吉亚贞女之家之间。神庙有一些重要的建筑特色。它模仿罗马最早的房屋,用泥土和稻草制成的圆形茅屋。自从灶神崇拜开始在私人房屋内举行,这座建筑反映了古代的历史。[1]尚存的神庙采用古希腊建筑科林斯柱式大理石,和中央内殿,内殿环绕着20根科林斯柱,建在直径15米的台子上。屋顶有一个通风口,使得照顾灶神的圣火成为一项必须的任务。外部另有一道圆形外墙,有更多的圆柱。[2]

历史

所有的罗马灶神庙都是圆形的,入口面向东方,象征着灶神的火和作为生命来源的太阳之间的联系。灶神庙代表了远至公元前7世纪古代异教活动的场地。一般相信此庙是陆马·庞培留斯命人连同雷吉亚与贞女之家一起兴建的。

古罗马广场的灶神庙修建于公元前3世纪,这不是一个真正的寺庙,因为它从来没有举行开幕典礼,也没有灶神雕像,只有她的圣火和雅典娜雕像,雕像据信由埃涅阿斯特洛伊带来。根据狄奥尼修斯的哈利卡那苏斯,罗马人相信灶神圣火与城市的命运密切相关,并将其作为灾难的预兆。

重建

尽管庙中供有火焰,但由于火焰乃置于壁炉中,加上神庙里又有贞女严密看守,所以并无火灾的的危险。灶神庙在历史上烧毁过两次。公元64年,尼禄在位期间,一场大火烧毁了大半个罗马,包括灶神庙在内。大火之后,191年,塞普蒂米乌斯·塞维鲁的妻子朱莉娅·多姆娜(Julia Domna)重建了神庙。394年,狄奥多西一世在赢得Frigidus战役,击败尤吉尼厄斯和阿波加斯特之后,熄灭了圣火。自那时以后,这座神庙遭到洗劫,在16世纪其大理石被剥夺。现存的部分重建于1930年代墨索里尼专政期间。

参考资料

  1. ^ Wright, William Aldis. The journal of philology. Volume 14. [Cambridge]. ISBN 978-1-139-52367-7. OCLC 915339299. 
  2. ^ Wright, Richard Everett. Vesta : a study on the origin of a goddess and her cultus. Bell & Howell. 1999. OCLC 477152057. 
书籍

外部链接

{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
灶神庙
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?