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古罗马神庙

尼姆方屋是现存最完好的罗马神庙之一
胜利者海克力斯神庙
阿尔坎塔拉罗马神庙
奥古斯都神庙

古罗马神庙古罗马时代的一种宗教建筑,是古罗马建筑的典范[1]。古罗马人会在神庙的内殿(cella)祭祀古罗马神祇,神庙中一般都有燃香用的小祭坛。但一般的罗马人民很少进入内殿,公共祭祀仪式是在神殿外面进行的门廊举行的,观众则站在神庙前的广场上。[2]

通常神庙呈四边形,下面铺有高于地面的台子,正面有廊柱和三角形的山墙。神庙的侧面和后面很少做装饰,也没有入口。除去这种典型构造外,也有圆形的罗马神庙,整个建筑由廊柱环绕。意大利以外的地区,一些罗马神庙也会依照当地建筑风格做一些调整。罗马神庙的建筑风格继承自伊特拉斯坎的神庙,后者又受古希腊建筑风格影响。

古罗马神庙今存不多,而且大多数保存完好的神庙都已经被改造成基督教教堂(一些又被改成清真寺)。[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Summerson (1980), 25
  2. ^ Sear
  3. ^ Wheeler, 104–106; Sear

参考书目

  • Boëthius, Axel, Ling, Roger, Rasmussen, Tom, Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture, Yale/Pelican history of art, 1978, Yale University Press, ISBN 0300052901, 9780300052909, google books页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • Henig, Martin (ed.), A Handbook of Roman Art, Phaidon, 1983, ISBN 0714822140
  • Sear, F. B., "Architecture, 1, a) Religious", section in Diane Favro, et al. "Rome, ancient." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press, accessed March 26, 2016, subscription required页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • Stamper, John, The architecture of Roman temples: the republic to the middle empire, Cambridge University Press, 2005
  • Strong, Donald, et al., Roman Art, 1995 (2nd edn.), Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art), ISBN 0300052936
  • Summerson, John (1980), The Classical Language of Architecture, 1980 edition, Thames and Hudson World of Art series, ISBN 0-500-20177-3
  • Summerson, John (1988), Georgian London, (1945), 1988 revised edition, Barrie & Jenkins, ISBN 0712620958. (Also see revised edition, edited by Howard Colvin], 2003)
  • Wheeler, Mortimer, Roman Art and Architecture, 1964, Thames and Hudson (World of Art), ISBN 0500200211

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古罗马神庙
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