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盐酸阿比朵尔

盐酸阿比朵尔
临床资料
怀孕分级
  • 未知
给药途径口服
ATC码
法律规范状态
法律规范
  • 未知
药物动力学数据
生物利用度35.6%
药物代谢药物原形
生物半衰期15 hours
排泄途径消化道
识别信息
  • 1-methyl-2-((phenylthio)methyl)-3-
    carbethoxy-4-((dimethylamino)methyl)-5-
    hydroxy-6-bromindole hydrochloride
    1-甲基-2-((苯硫基)甲基)-3-乙氧酰基-4-((二甲胺基)甲基)-5-羟基-6-溴代吲哚盐酸盐·一水合物
CAS号131707-23-8  ☒N
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
PDB配体ID
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.247.800 编辑维基数据链接
化学信息
化学式C22H28BrClN2O4S
摩尔质量531.891 g/mol

阿比多尔 (俄语:Арбидол,英语:Arbidol) 是一种抗病毒药物,由前苏联药物化学研究中心研制开发,主要适应症是A类、B类流感病毒引起的流行性感冒,同时对其他一些呼吸道病毒感染可能也有抗病毒活性。

应用/适应症

阿比多尔的空间结构与另一种著名的抗流感病毒药物“达菲”(奥司他韦)类似,同时其合成路线则更加简短廉价,它的首次合成时间和首次上市时间也远早于达菲,可是目前的临床应用情况和影响力却远不如达菲。这一方面是因为达菲的专利持有人罗氏制药强大的商业运作能力,另一方面也因为阿比朵尔的抗病毒效果还没有得到公认,有报告称其“非常有效”,而另一些报告却对此表示怀疑。

该药的实验和临床报告主要来自俄罗斯[1]中国[2],据报道其对禽流感病毒的抑制能力和达菲(奥司他韦)一样有效[3],这意味着它有可能是一种比达菲更适应公众购买能力的,性价比更高的预防和控制禽流感的药物。甚至有报告称其体外细胞实验中表现出抗SARS病毒的活性。[4]

有证据表明,阿比朵尔阻止RNA病毒感染可能比阻止DNA病毒感染更有效[5],流感病毒就是一种RNA病毒。阿比朵尔还是一种对抗C型肝炎的候选药物(同样属于RNA病毒)[6]

作用机理

该药具有免疫调节剂的效果[7],同时对A型流感和B型流感还有特别的抗病毒活性。

它能阻止流感病毒外壳与宿主细胞细胞膜的接触、黏附和融合[8]。另一方面,它还能诱导宿主细胞产生干扰素,并刺激体液反应和巨噬细胞的吞噬作用。

剂型

片剂胶囊,每粒含有效成分盐酸阿比朵尔 50mg 或 100mg 。

药物动力学与用法

副作用主要是低概率的药物过敏,对于过量服用的情况未见报道,与其它药物联合用药的副作用未见报道。

盐酸阿比朵尔主要经肝脏以药物原形代谢,能迅速分布到全身各组织器官中,排泄以肝脏经胆汁向粪便中排泄为主,尿液中排泄量极少。

参考文献

  1. ^ Leneva IA, Fediakina IT, Gus'kova TA, Glushkov RG. [Sensitivity of various influenza virus strains to arbidol. Influence of arbidol combination with different antiviral drugs on reproduction of influenza virus A]. Ter. Arkh. 2005, 77 (8): 84–8. PMID 16206613 (俄语). 
  2. ^ Wang MZ, Cai BQ, Li LY; et al. [Efficacy and safety of arbidol in treatment of naturally acquired influenza]. 中国医学科学院学报. 2004, 26 (3): 289–93. PMID 15266832 (中文). 
  3. ^ Works as well as Tamiflu. [2008-10-18]. (原始内容存档于2008-09-28). 
  4. ^ 存档副本. [2008-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-18). 
  5. ^ Shi L, Xiong H, He J; et al. Antiviral activity of arbidol against influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus and adenovirus in vitro and in vivo. Arch. Virol. 2007, 152 (8): 1447–55. PMID 17497238. doi:10.1007/s00705-007-0974-5. 
  6. ^ Pécheur EI, Lavillette D, Alcaras F; et al. Biochemical mechanism of hepatitis C virus inhibition by the broad-spectrum antiviral arbidol. Biochemistry. 2007, 46 (20): 6050–9. PMID 17455911. doi:10.1021/bi700181j. 
  7. ^ Glushkov RG, Gus'kova TA, Krylova LIu, Nikolaeva IS. [Mechanisms of arbidole's immunomodulating action]. Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR. 1999, (3): 36–40. PMID 10222830 (俄语). 
  8. ^ Boriskin YS, Pécheur EI, Polyak SJ. Arbidol: a broad-spectrum antiviral that inhibits acute and chronic HCV infection. Virol. J. 2006, 3: 56. PMID 16854226. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-3-56. 

参见

  • 医药标准公司英语Pharmstandard (Фармстандарт/Pharmstandard)

外部链接

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盐酸阿比朵尔
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