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缬更昔洛韦

缬更昔洛韦
临床资料
给药途径口服
ATC码
法律规范状态
法律规范
药物动力学数据
生物利用度60%
血浆蛋白结合率1-2%
药物代谢水解为更昔洛韦
生物半衰期4 h
排泄途径肾脏
识别信息
  • (S)-2-氨基-3-甲基丁酸 (R,S)-2-[(2-氨基-6-氧代-1,6-二氢-9H-嘌呤-9-基)甲氧基]-3-羟基丙酯
CAS号175865-59-5
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
化学信息
化学式C14H22N6O5
摩尔质量354.362 g/mol

缬更昔洛韦(英语:Valganciclovir),是一款抗病毒药物,用以治疗因艾滋病器官移植造成巨细胞病毒感染[1],代表性的药品品名为 Valcyte或万赛维。本品只能压制感染,无法治愈,需长期使用[1]。此药是口服给药[1]

常见的副作用为腹痛、头痛、失眠、恶心、发热及血球数量不足英语low blood cell count[1]。其他的副作用有不孕肾功能衰竭。有些动物在怀孕时使用此药,造成了生育缺陷[1]。本品是更昔洛韦的L-缬氨酰,到肠道肝脏时会分解为更昔洛韦[1]

缬更昔洛韦在 2001 年通过医疗用途[2],列于世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单,认可为医疗系统中安全有效的必需药物[3]。在发展中国家,每日药费约在 30.16 至 52.14 美元之间[4]。2016年时,在美国,平均每日批发价为 58.54 美元[5]。2017年,其通用名药物通过核可[6]。


药动学

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  1. 口服生物利用度约为60%,脂肪类食物能显著提高生物利用度和血浆、组织药物浓度。
  2. 药物达峰时间为2小时
  3. 以更昔洛韦的形式通过尿消除,半衰期为4h。

不良反应

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其他应用

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缬更昔洛韦被推荐应用于慢性疲劳综合症。据报道,有12位患者中有9例治疗成功。斯坦福大学进行了一个双盲、对照的研究,结果还未公布,但公布的消息显示缬更昔洛韦具有显著的改善作用。

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Valganciclovir Hydrochloride. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [28 November 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-29). 
  2. ^ Long, Sarah S.; Pickering, Larry K.; Prober, Charles G. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Disease. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 1502. ISBN 978-1437727029. (原始内容存档于2016-11-29) (英语). 
  3. ^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于13 December 2016). 
  4. ^ Valganciclovir. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [29 November 2016]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-28). 
  5. ^ NADAC. Medicaid.gov. [29 November 2016]. (原始内容存档于30 November 2016). 
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缬更昔洛韦
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