For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 消毒搓手液.

消毒搓手液

酒精搓手液
在机场内的感应式消毒搓手液自动分派机

消毒搓手液,又名免冲水洗手液免水洗手液免洗洗手液干洗手等,是一种具有杀菌消毒功效的液体,用于洗手用途[1]。由于搓手液无需用水冲洗,可在没有清洁水源的情况下清洁手部,所以可在外出时使用,亦可用于医疗护理。消毒搓手液除有供手提的瓶装外,也有供装入皂液器的类型,可供使用者透过按压或通过感应自动滴下指定分量的搓手液,常被安装在公共洗手间医院诊所及人流较高的场所[2][3]

成分

根据有效成分,搓手液可分为酒精搓手液和非酒精搓手液。

酒精搓手液

酒精搓手液主要有效成分为乙醇异丙醇[4]。在医院环境中,用作杀灭细菌及减弱病毒活性,以消除病原体。成品的酒精浓度需介乎70%至90%[5][6][7],浓度过高或过低都会降低杀菌消毒的效果。另外会加入双氧水消除孢子,并会加入甘油作为润肤之用,避免因为皮肤接触酒精而变得过于干燥。在市面贩卖的酒精搓手液亦会添加香气成分、芦荟凝胶或其他声称具护肤功效的配方,借此吸引顾客购买,但部分添加剂可能会引起皮肤过敏[8]

世界卫生组织也公布了他们的建议配方[4][9]

非酒精搓手液

非酒精搓手液有效成分可能是苯扎氯铵二氯苯氧氯酚对氯间二甲苯酚等。

注意

使用消毒搓手液可能含有酒精(可燃性),务必远火源(煤气炉、打火机等)否则会造成烧伤。另外酒精过敏者也尽可能不要接触。

某些病原体,例如诺罗病毒肠病毒腺病毒等,较难以酒精搓手液杀除,在有干净水源及肥皂洗手乳德语Flüssigseife的地方仍建议湿式洗手[10]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ hand sanitizer - definition of hand sanitizer in English | Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford Dictionaries | English. [12 July 2017]. (原始内容存档于18 September 2017). 
  2. ^ de Witt Huberts, J; Greenland, K; Schmidt, WP; Curtis, V. Exploring the potential of antimicrobial hand hygiene products in reducing the infectious burden in low-income countries: An integrative review.. American Journal of Infection Control. 1 July 2016, 44 (7): 764–71 [2021-04-19]. PMID 27061254. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.045. (原始内容存档于2021-03-03). 
  3. ^ Meadows, E; Le Saux, N. A systematic review of the effectiveness of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizers for prevention of illness-related absenteeism in elementary school children.. BMC Public Health. 1 November 2004, 4: 50. PMC 534108可免费查阅. PMID 15518593. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-50. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Guide to Local Production: WHO-recommended Handrub Formulations (PDF). WHO. April 2010 [27 February 2020]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-03-17). 
  5. ^ Kramer, Axel; Rudolph, Peter; Kampf, Gonter; Pittet, Didier. Limited efficacy of alcohol-based hand gels. Lancet. 27 April 2002, 359 (9316): 1489–1490. PMID 11988252. S2CID 30450670. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08426-X. 
  6. ^ Pietsch, Hanns. Hand Antiseptics: Rubs Versus Scrubs, Alcoholic Solutions Versus Alcoholic Gels. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2001, 48 (Supl A): S33–S36. PMID 11759022. doi:10.1016/S0195-6701(01)90010-6. 
  7. ^ Rotter, Manfred L. Handwashing and hand disinfection. Mayhall, C. Glen (编). Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control 2nd. 1999. ISBN 9780683306088. 
  8. ^ 自製酒精搓手液要注意甚麼?濕疹患者啱用嗎?醫生詳細解說!. 经济通. [2020-03-11]. (原始内容存档于2020-03-14). 
  9. ^ G.Kampf; C.Ostermeyer. World Health Organization-recommended hand-rub formulations do not meet European efficacy requirements for surgical hand disinfection in five minutes. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2011, 78 (2): 123–127. 
  10. ^ 乾洗手,殺不了腸病毒?. 康健杂志. 2017-05-01 [2020-11-25]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-23). 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
消毒搓手液
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?