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李過

興國公 李過
大順第三任領袖
(未稱帝)
統治1646年
前任李自敬
繼任無(政權消亡)
出生
逝世永曆三年(1649年)
子嗣子:
李来亨(义子)
政权大順
父親李氏
母親贞义一品夫人高氏(有认为是李自成妻高氏[1]

李過(?—1649年),後改名李錦,降南明后被隆武帝赐名李赤心,生于陝西米脂雙泉里李繼遷寨,明末农民军领袖闖王李自成的侄子,大順政权第三任领袖(未称帝),後受封南明兴国公。

大顺政权建立后,封亳县侯。李自成自北京撤退,命李過守延安。李自成死後,李過領其軍,永昌二年(1645年)以二十萬兵逼常德[2]。永昌三年(1646年),在大順第二任皇帝李自敬被清朝杀死后,李过被推举为大顺军首领(但未稱帝)。不久後歸順南明並去大顺国号(但仍用永昌年号),与何腾蛟联合抗清。隆武帝授其为总兵、龙虎将军,封兴国侯,统御营前部左军,号其营为“忠贞营”,归堵胤锡监督,守荊州,並获赐名李赤心,母高氏封贞义一品夫人[1]。永历初年,晋封兴国公。永曆三年(1649年),病死於廣西慶遠(今廣西宜山)。

有义子李来亨

注釋

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 顾诚. 第二节 李过、高一功等部改编“忠贞营”. 国学导航网站,来源:顾诚版《南明史》. 1997-00-00 [2021-09-22]. (原始内容存档于2014-04-24) (简体中文). 隆武帝采纳了堵胤锡的建议,派马吉翔为使者前往湖广颁诏。《思文大纪》在1646年(顺治三年,隆武二年)三月下记载:“钦赐李锦御营前部左军挂龙虎将军印,御改名曰赤心,并封其母高氏为贞义一品夫人。”接着照录了诰敕原文:朕念赤心以真正英贤昔日托身非所,乃今翻然悔悟,竭奉中兴。虽名臣必待真主,亦赖其有贤母而端慈训也。近据地方督抚连章报其至诚归戴,业已挂印封侯。俟朕驻跸武昌,然后面锡铁券。再允督抚之奏,钦旌母德之贞。尔以善教为慈,赤心以遵母为孝。慈孝既萃于尔门,忠义必恒于功业。特赐尔封为贞义一品夫人,给与恩诏。仍著有司建坊,敕文用“淑赞中兴”、“朝廷风标万方,尔门芳留百世”。皇后闻之,再三嘉叹,面请加恩,赐尔珠冠一顶,表里四匹,令闻远被,以显纶恩。尔高氏当时以大义训赤心,俾其一德明良于终始。全恢江省,立复金陵,一统功成,尔子拜爵于奉天殿,尔身受恩于坤宁宫,史册昭然,岂不伟欤?尔母子其钦承朕命。 
  2. ^ 费密《荒书》记载:“四月,自成贼党李赤心等陷太平、东乡、达州、夔府、新宁等处,复入湖广。”
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李過
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