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赵三多

赵三多(1841年—1902年),清朝义和团首领。字祝盛,人称赵老祝,又名赵洛珠赵老珠,或赵老朱赵老诸直隶(今河北威县沙柳寨人。义和拳拳師,多次舉事,自稱反抗洋人,力倡扶清灭洋,後被袁世凯拘捕,卒於獄中。

簡介

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世代务农。自幼习武術,後成武师,擅长梅花拳(后称义和拳)。

光绪二十一年(1895年),他在直隶、山东两省交界地区各村镇广设拳场,收徒入“梅花拳”达两千余人。山东冠县梨园屯发生外国基督教会势力勾结官府,强拆玉皇庙以改建教堂事件,村民大哗,群起抗拒,应阎书勤、高元祥等人邀请率众声援。

光绪二十二年二月二十日(1896年4月2日)在梨园屯召集大会,汇集各路拳民三千余人,设场亮拳三天,向地方官府和教会势力示威,声势大振。

光绪二十三年(1897年)在梨园屯与阎书勤等“十八魁”联合,改称义和拳。

光绪二十四年九月初十日(1898年10月24日),他再次应约前往冠县蒋家庄(今属河北威县)集众三千多人,首举义旗,改名义和团,自称旗首。树“扶清灭洋”旗帜,攻打教堂。后与清军接战失利,率众突围。他带领余部到临清隐藏多日。

光绪二十六年(1900年)率团民在直隶阜成和山东临清等地多次攻打教堂,遭清军及教堂武装夹击死伤惨重。后率众转战冀南、冀中,打击教会势力,开展“均粮”斗争。八国联军攻陷北京后,后辗转至广宗县加入景廷宾义军。

光绪二十八年(1902年)4月又在巨鹿宣布起义,竖“扫清灭洋”旗职。景廷宾被推为龙团大元帅,赵三多被推为主将(一说先锋)。每遇战事,赵三多不顾年事已高,总是执黑旗冲锋在前。赵三多起义被袁世凯镇压后,因武举范秉纲告密而被捕,在狱中绝食而死。

参考文献

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  • 《中国历史大辞典》
  • 《军事大辞海·上》
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赵三多
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