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李沅發

李沅发(1828年—1850年),湖南新宁人。晚清民变人物。

生平

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1847年早年曾加入棒棒會,又参加雷再浩起义,道光二十九年(1849年)湖南南部水灾,地主趁机抬高粮价,重利盘剥,十月十三日,李沅发组织把子会,纠集瑶民,攻克新宁县城,杀死县官,乃分设五营,各营管带称“大哥”,自称“总大哥”[1]

清军围困新宁,李沅发與之激战四十余日。十一月二十九日,清军夺回新宁,李沅发入广西全州,经兴安、灵川、永福,再转戰湖南城步,连败江忠源刘长佑團練,被官军所阻,再转广西,在龙胜击毙清军参将玛隆阿,与各地天地会众会合。清廷将湖南提督英俊、巡抚冯德馨等革职,命湖广总督裕泰率四省清兵进剿。道光三十年二月,李沅发攻占湖南靖州,退入廣西,進入大瑶山,在贵州与清军激战受挫,兵力锐减。道光三十年(1850年)四月,李沅发突破重围,返回湖南。回新宁途中,在紫金峰战斗为湖南提督向荣部所伏击,李沅发负伤跌落崖涧,被俘解至北京,八月十七日,斬首。

注釋

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  1. ^ 道光三十年四月廿六日裕泰奏报生擒李沅发的奏折中称:“臣等伏查该逆李沅发等本系山野莠民,乌合小众,乃于上年冬间始则结会树党,戕官据城,经官兵围困,辄乘间兔脱。在于楚粤一带沿边游窜,焚掠村庄,拒杀官弁。……迄今两月有余,势尚披猖,并蓄发变服,制有各色令旗,擅立伪大王,伪军师及五营、十行名目,……”,中国第一历史档案馆藏
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李沅發
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