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馬海晏

馬海晏(1837年—1900年)[1],字德菴[2],又字清菴回族甘肅省河州人,青海馬家軍始祖。

生平

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馬海晏主要做藥材、木材的販運生意,是當地馱幫領頭人,善騎術,會拳法,善使流星錘。二十六歲隨表兄馬占鰲起兵反清,成為馬占鰲的得力幹將,後一起投降清軍。

清將董福祥招降馬安良馬福祿部,实行“以回制回”的策略。馬福祿部旗官馬海宴得到嘉獎,其子馬麒也得到六品軍功牌。马海晏鎮壓回民有功,成为董福祥部骨干。[3]

庚子拳亂時,八国联军进犯北京,清政府调董福祥统领的甘军入卫京师,隶属于甘军的简练军也同时入京,驻防直隶一带,不久又调守永定门。同年7月21日,慈禧光绪帝逃离北京,董福祥奉旨护驾,令马海晏部随从前往。在同月23日接旨后星夜急追,於8月15日在宣化縣追上皇宫车驾。六十三岁高龄的马海晏因连夜奔波,辛劳过度,在宣化病故。[3]

慈禧顾念其效忠有功,追赠记名总兵,遗职由长子马麒接任。[3]

家族

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馬海晏的七弟馬海淵,為馬仲英祖父[4]

生馬麒、馬麟、馬風。

参考文献

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外部連結

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馬海晏
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