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六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐

六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐
英文名 Hexafluorochlorine(1+)
别名 六氟合氯阳离子
识别
CAS号 38217-33-3  checkY
SMILES
 
  • F[Cl+](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)F
性质
化学式 ClF6+
摩尔质量 149.44 g·mol⁻¹
结构
配位几何 八面体
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐是含有[ClF6]+多卤阳离子英语Polyhalogen ions的化合物,其离子具有Oh对称性。[1]

制备

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六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐可以FClO2ClF5为原料制备:[2]

6 FClO2 + 6 PtF6 → 5 ClO2PtF6 + ClF6PtF6 + O2
2 ClF5 + 2 PtF6 → ClF4PtF6 + ClF6PtF6

通过分解上一反应的ClF4PtF6,可以得到含有PtF4杂质的ClF6PtF6(CAS号:36609-91-3),为亮黄色固体。[3]

复分解法可用于制备其它六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐,如:

ClF6AsF6 + CsBF4 → CsAsF6↓ + ClF6BF4

反应在−78 °C的氟化氢溶液中进行,生成的ClF6BF4(CAS号:85662-38-0)为白色晶体,在室温稳定。[4]而将ClF5、BF3和F2加热、加压则没有任何固体产物生成。[5]白色的ClF6AsF6(CAS号:85662-38-0)可由KrFAsF6或Kr2F3AsF6在氟化氢中氧化ClF5反应得到。[6]ClF6SbF6(CAS号:86527-34-6)可由类似方法制得,但由于ClF4AsF6更稳定,且体系内SbF5易于生成多聚阴离子,尚未分离出纯净的产物。[6]在氟锑酸盐中,只有[ClF6][Sb2F11](CAS号:745795-63-5)得到了结构表征。[7]

有文献报道通过爆炸压缩法使氟化铜-氯化亚铜体系反应,得到六氟合氯阳离子的四氟铜(III)酸盐(ClF6CuF4,CAS号74242-30-1)[8],但三年后有人指出反应得到的固体中并不存在[ClF6]+离子,而是反应体系中的少量水分及容器参与了反应,生成了[Cu(H2O)4]SiF6[9]

性质

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[ClF6]+被视作是“ClF7”的路易斯酸成分,和亚硝酰氟反应试图制备“ClF7”,只能得到ClF5F2[2]

ClF6PtF6 + FNO → NOPtF6 + ClF5 + F2

六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐加热时可以分解:[4][6]

ClF6BF4 → ClF5 + BF3 + F2
ClF6AsF6 → ClF5 + AsF5 + F2

参考文献

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  1. ^ Christe, Karl O.; Hon, John F.; Pilipovich, Don. Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance study of chlorine fluoride cations. Inorganic Chemistry. 1973, 12 (1): 84–89. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic50119a022. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Christe, Karl O. The hexafluorochlorine (VII) cation, CIF6+. Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 1972, 8 (8): 741–745. ISSN 0020-1650. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(72)80129-6. 
  3. ^ Roberto, Francisco Q. Ionic interhalogen oxidizing agent ClF6PtF6页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 1973. US 3709748 A.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Christe, Karl O.; Wilson, William W. Synthesis and properties of ClF6BF4. Inorganic Chemistry. 1983, 22 (13): 1950–1951. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic00155a024. 
  5. ^ Christe, Karl O. Hexafluorochlorine(VII) cation, ClF6+. Synthesis and vibrational spectrum. Inorganic Chemistry. 2002, 12 (7): 1580–1587. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic50125a021. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Christe, Karl O.; Wilson, William W.; Curtis, E. C. Synthesis of coordinatively saturated complex fluoro cations. Synthesis and characterization of ClF6+AsF6- and ClF6+SbF6-. Inorganic Chemistry. 1983, 22 (21): 3056–3060. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic00163a016. 
  7. ^ Lehmann, John F.; Schrobilgen, Gary J.; Christe, Karl O.; Kornath, Andreas; Suontamo, Reijo J. X-ray Crystal Structures of [XF6][Sb2F11] (X = Cl, Br, I); 35,37Cl, 79,81Br, and 127I NMR Studies and Electronic Structure Calculations of the XF6+Cations. Inorganic Chemistry. 2004, 43 (22): 6905–6921. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic040015o. 
  8. ^ Batsanov, A. S.; Struchkov, Yu. T.; Batsanov, S. S. Explosive synthesis and crystal structure of a hexafluorochlorine(1+) tetrafluorocuprate(1-) [ClF6][CuF4]. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1980. 251 (2): 347-350.
  9. ^ Von Schnering, H. G.; Vu, D. Ist das früher beschriebene [ClF6][CuF4] mit [Cu(H2O)4][SiF6] identisch?. Chemischer Informationsdienst. 1983, 14 (31). ISSN 0009-2975. doi:10.1002/chin.198331040. 


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六氟合氯(VII)𬭩盐
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