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铬酸盐

铬酸盐
The structure and bonding of the dichromate ion
Ball-and-stick model of the chromate anion
Space-filling model of the dichromate anion
识别
CAS号 13907-45-4  checkY
性质
化学式 CrO2−
4
摩尔质量 115.99 g·mol⁻¹
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。
铬酸钾晶体粉末
重铬酸钾晶体粉末

铬酸盐铬酸形成的非多聚阴离子的盐,含有铬酸根离子CrO42−,有獨特的黄色;重鉻酸根化學式則為Cr2O72−,在水溶液中呈橙色。铬酸盐的为+6氧化态,具氧化力、有毒且致癌国际癌症研究机构(IARC)將之划为第一类致癌物。

常见铬酸盐有铬酸钠铬酸钾铬酸铅铬酸铵。更多请参见列表

性质

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  • 铬酸盐氧化力甚強,还原鉻VI常得到蓝绿色的鉻III
  • 水溶液中,铬酸根离子(黃色)与重铬酸根离子(橙色)处于平衡。加酸生成重铬酸根离子,溶液變红;加碱则使平衡左移,溶液變黄:
2 CrO42−+2 H+ ⇌ Cr2O72−+H2O
Ba2++CrO42- → BaCrO4↓(柠檬黄)
Pb2++CrO42- → PbCrO4↓(铬黄)
2 Ag++CrO42- → Ag2CrO4↓(砖红)[1]

参见

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鉻酸鹽Predominance圖英语Predominance diagram

参考资料

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  • Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. 
  1. ^ 《无机化学》第四版.高等教育出版社.P387
澳洲他斯曼尼亞洲紅鉛礦場鉻鉛礦樣本

外部链接

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铬酸盐
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