For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 矽化物.

矽化物

矽化物
识别
CAS号 12651-10-4  checkY
性质
化学式 Si4−
摩尔质量 28.09 g·mol⁻¹
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

矽化物是一種含有及其他金屬的化合物。

性質及分類

[编辑]

矽的金屬性要來的強。而矽化物的結構比起碳化物來講,它更接近硼化物

和硼化物、碳化物相似的地方是,矽化物的組成一樣不能輕易地形成共價分子。形成矽化物的化學鍵分類,可分成共價離子。矽化物包含了除了以外的所有非過渡金屬。

水銀与液態矽无法混溶

在矽化物中,有很多種結構:

  • 單一矽原子:具導電性的有:Cu5Si、(V,Cr,Mn)3Si、Fe3Si、Mn3Si,以及無法導電有:(Mg,Ge,Sn,Pb)2Si、(Ca,Ru,Ce,Rh,Ir,Ni)2Si
  • 含有Si2的矽化物:U3Si2及Hf和Th的矽化物
  • Si4(即正四面體型態):KSi、RbSi、CaSi
  • Sin(鏈狀):USi、(Ti,Zr,Hf,Th,Ce,Pu)Si、CaSi、SrSi、YSi
  • 平面六角結構(石墨狀):β-USi2鑭系元素錒系元素的矽化物
  • 波折六角結構:CaSi2
  • 三圍構造:SrSi2、ThSi2、α-USi2

第1族或第2族的矽化物(如Na2Si和Ca2Si)與水反應會產生和(或)矽烷。而過渡金屬的矽化物卻與前者相反,通常在水溶液中是不反應的(氫氟酸除外);然而,他們如果透過一些媒介來反應的話,會非常劇烈:像是熔融態的氫氧化鉀或是在高溫下。

矽化物的形成反應稱為矽化。這種反應只有對像熔掉金屬(這些降溫後形成金屬矽化物)直接接觸芯片,因此,這一過程是自對準。普遍用於MOSF/ CMOS 源極、汲極和多晶矽柵極的歐姆接觸。

例子

[编辑]

詳情請參見總分類

參考來源

[编辑]
  • Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
矽化物
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?