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二硫化硅

二硫化硅
IUPAC名
silicon(IV) sulfide
别名 silicon disulfide
识别
CAS号 13759-10-9  ☒N
PubChem 83705
ChemSpider 75527
SMILES
 
  • S=[Si]=S
InChI
 
  • 1/S2Si/c1-3-2
InChIKey KHDSWONFYIAAPE-UHFFFAOYAO
性质
化学式 SiS2
摩尔质量 92.218 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色(样品有时是灰色或棕色)针状固体
在潮湿空气中产生臭鸡蛋气味
密度 2.04 g/cm3[1]
熔点 1090 °C(升华)
溶解性 分解
结构
晶体结构 正交晶系oI12
空间群 Ibam, No.72[2]
配位几何 四面体
危险性
NFPA 704
2
2
3
 
相关物质
其他阴离子 二氧化硅
其他阳离子 二硫化碳
二硫化锗
二硫化锡
二硫化铅
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

二硫化硅是化学式为SiS2的无机化合物。与二氧化硅类似,这种材料是聚合物,但它的一维结构与通常形态的二氧化硅不同。

制备

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这种物质可由单质共热直接化合制得,或由硫化氢与硅共热,也可以由SiO2与Al2S3反应制得[3]

Si + 2 H2S —2073K→ SiS2 + 2 H2
3 SiO2 + 2 Al2S31373K→ 3 SiS2 + 2 Al2O3

结构

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这种物质的结构中含有共用顶角的配位四面体,如Si(μ-S)2Si(μS)2等。令人好奇的是,Si—Si键的键长为214皮米,比通常的硅硅单键要短。[4]

性质

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与其他硅硫化合物类似(例如双(三甲基硅基)硫醚),SiS2容易水解并产生H2S。

二硫化硅可以和碱金属硫化物反应,产生硫代硅酸盐[3]

M2S + SiS2 → M2SiS3 (M=碱金属)

SiS2被认为在某些星际物质中存在。[5]

参考资料

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  1. ^ William M. Haynes, [《二硫化硅》, p. 4-88,在Google Books的內容。 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd Edition], CRC Press. 2012: pp. 4-88s, (德文) 
  2. ^ Weiss A. Zur Kenntnis der faserigen Siliciumdioxyd-Modifikation. Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 1954, 276: 95–112. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 《无机化学丛书》.第五卷 氧 硫 硒分族. 张青莲 主编. 科学出版社. P207. 3.12.5 碳族元素的硫化物
  4. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  5. ^ Goebel, J. H., "SiS2 in Circumstellar Shells," Astronomy and Astrophysics, 278, 226 (1993).
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二硫化硅
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