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冠长鼻龙属

冠长鼻龙属
化石时期:白垩纪晚期, 80 Ma
头骨
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龙总目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目: 鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
演化支 禽龙类 Iguanodontia
演化支 橡树龙形态类 Dryomorpha
演化支 直拇指龙类 Ankylopollexia
演化支 硬棘龙类 Styracosterna
演化支 鸭嘴龙形类 Hadrosauriformes
总科: 鸭嘴龙超科 Hadrosauroidea
属: 冠长鼻龙属 Lophorhothon
Langston, 1960
模式种
奇特冠长鼻龙
Lophorhothon atopus

Langston, 1960

冠长鼻龙属学名Lophorhothon)是一种小型、研究有限的鸭嘴龙超科恐龙,化石是在1940年代发现于美国阿拉巴马州达拉斯县的一处露头,属于Mooreville白垩组的下层,地质年代为坎潘阶早至中期。冠长鼻龙是第一个发现于阿拉巴马州的恐龙[1]

在1960年,沃·兰斯顿(Wann Langston)将化石进行叙述、命名,模式种奇特冠长鼻龙L. atopus)。属名在古希腊文意为“有冠饰的鼻子”;种名在古希腊文意为“不常见的、奇特的”。

正模标本(编号FMNH P27383)包含关节脱落的头颅骨碎片及不完整的颅后骨骼,都存放在芝加哥菲尔德自然历史博物馆内。正模标本被估计完整身长约4.5米。之后,另有研究指出在北卡罗来纳州的黑溪组也发现冠长鼻龙的化石,年代也属于坎潘阶。

分类

自从冠长鼻龙的最初描述后,一直都有学者质疑这个属的有效性。有研究认为冠长鼻龙其实是原栉龙的幼年个体[2]。另有研究指出牠是更原始的禽龙类[3],但这假设没有被普遍接受。更多的学者将冠长鼻龙分类为原始鸭嘴龙亚科恐龙,是所有其他鸭嘴龙亚科的姊妹分类单元[4]。一个2010年的研究,则认为冠长鼻龙是鸭嘴龙超科的原始物种[5]

正模标本

在1946年,Rainier Zangerl与Bill Turnbull发现冠长鼻龙的正模标本。冠长鼻龙的标本包含少于半个的头颅骨、数节脊椎、及大部分前后肢,都是由Wann Langston, Jr.所描述[1]。保存下来的头颅骨骼包括了部分方骨、左下颌、牙齿颧骨泪骨鼻骨眶后骨额骨、前额骨、颅顶骨、方轭骨、以及部分前齿骨。这个标本很有可能经由河流冲入海洋,下沉及埋藏在密西西比河海湾的碳酸盐沉积淤泥中[6]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Langston, W. The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama, part VI: the dinosaurs. Fieldiana: Geology Memoirs. 1960, 3 (5): 315–359. 
  2. ^ Thurmond, J. T. and Jones, D. E. Fossil vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press. 1981. 
  3. ^ Lamb, J. P. Lophorothon, an iguanodontian, not a hadrosaur. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1998, 18 (3 Abstracts): 59A. 
  4. ^ Horner, J. R., Weishampel, D. B., and Forster, C. A. Chapter Twenty: Hadrosauridae. Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H., editors (编). The Dinosauria 2nd edition. University of California Press. 2004. 
  5. ^ A. Prieto-Marquez and G. C. Salinas, 2010, "A re-evaluation of Secernosaurus koerneri and Kritosaurus australis (Dinosauria, Hadrosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina", Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(3): 813-837
  6. ^ Schwimmer, D. R. Late Cretaceous dinosaurs in eastern USA: a taphonomic and biogeographic model of occurrences. D. L. Wolberg, E. Stump, and G. D. Rosenberg (eds.) (编). Dinofest International. Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences. 1997: 203–211. 
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冠长鼻龙属
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