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艾尔雷兹龙属

艾尔雷兹龙属
化石时期:白垩纪早期, 115 Ma
尼日艾尔雷兹龙的股骨
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龙总目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目: 鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
科: 橡树龙科 Dryosauridae
属: 艾尔雷兹龙属 Elrhazosaurus
Galton, 2009
模式种
尼日艾尔雷兹龙
Elrhazosaurus nigeriensis

(Galton and Taquet, 1982)

艾尔雷兹龙属学名Elrhazosaurus)是鸟脚亚目恐龙的一,位于禽龙类的原始位置,生存于白垩纪早期的尼日。化石最初被归类于橡树龙科旷野龙的一个种,在近年被建立为独立属。

发现与命名历史

正模标本(编号MNHN GDF 332)是一个左股骨,是由法国古生物学家菲利普·塔丘特(Philippe Taquet)发现于尼日北部的泰内雷沙漠,属于艾尔雷兹组(Elrhaz Formation)地层,地质年代接近1亿1500万年前,相当于阿普第阶晚期。在1982年,彼得·加尔东(Peter Galton)与塔丘特将这个股骨命名为旷野龙的第二个种,尼日旷野龙V. nigeriensis)。与旷野龙的模式种相比,这个股骨的粗隆部、其他特征有不同处。由于旷野龙的化石发现于欧洲,这个西非股骨当时被视为是欧洲与西非曾有陆桥连结的证据[1]

在2009年,彼得·加尔东认为这两个种在形态、地理位置上有相当大差异,因此将这个西非股骨建立为新属,模式种尼日艾尔雷兹龙E. nigeriensis)。属名是以化石发现处的艾尔雷兹组为名。彼得·加尔东将艾尔雷兹龙归类于橡树龙科[2]。艾尔雷兹龙目前只有一个股骨[3]当地发现的另一个肱骨有时也被编入于艾尔雷兹龙[2]

古生态学与古生物学

在白垩纪早期,艾尔雷兹组是个有河流经过的砂岩地形,目前已在当地发现多样性的动物化石,例如生存于淡水环境的双壳纲弓鲛科硬骨鱼类乌龟,还有鳄形类鸭鳄阿拉利坡鳄帝鳄索托鳄,某种未命名的鸟掌翼龙科兽脚类始鲨齿龙隐面龙似鳄龙、一种未命名的西北阿根廷龙科蜥脚类尼日龙、一种未命名的泰坦巨龙类,以及禽龙类沉龙豪勇龙[4]

艾尔雷兹龙属于禽龙类橡树龙科,是种体型小的二足植食性恐龙,善于奔跑[3]

参考资料

  1. ^ Galton, Peter M.; and Taquet, Philippe. Valdosaurus, a hypsilophodontid dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Europe and Africa. Géobios. 1982, 15 (2): 147–159. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Galton, Peter M. Notes on Neocomian (Late Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, "Camptosaurus", "Iguanodon" – and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere (pdf). Revue de Paléobiologie. 2009, 28 (1): 211–273 [2012-05-09]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-07-08). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Norman, David B. Basal Iguanodontia. Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.) (编). The Dinosauria 2nd. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2004: 413–437. ISBN 0-520-24209-2. 
  4. ^ Sereno, Paul C.; and Brusatte, Stephen L. Basal abelisaurid and carcharodontosaurid theropods from the Lower Cretaceous Elrhaz Formation of Niger (pdf). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2008, 53 (1): 15–46 [2012-05-09]. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0102. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-05-23). 
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艾尔雷兹龙属
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