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Segue 1

Segue 1
观测资料(J2000 历元
星座狮子座
赤经10h 07m 04s[1]
赤纬16° 04′ 55″[1]
距离75 ± 6.5 kly (23 ± 2 kpc)[2]
视星等 (V)13.8 ± 0.5[2]
特征
类型dSph or GC[1][2]
质光比3400 (V)[3] M/L
角直径 (V)8.8′[4]
其他名称
Segue 1
参见:星系星系列表

Segue 1史隆数位巡天在2006年于狮子座发现的一个矮椭球星系球状星团 [2]。它在距离太阳约23,000秒差距之处,以206Km/s的相对速度移动[2][5]。Segue 1的外观有值得注意的长度比(大约是2:1),形状与半光度半径大约是30秒差距[2][4]。如果Segue 1现在正受到潮汐力的扰乱,这种拉长的比率可能是银河的潮汐力造成的[6]

性质

Segue 1是银河系最小和曾经是最黯淡的银河卫星星系。它的集成光度大约是太阳的300倍 (绝对视星等大约是-1.5等)[note 1],这样的光度还比不上一个典型的球状星团 [2][4]。观测显示它的质量约为60万太阳质量,这意味着Segue 1的质光比是3400[3]。在2011年之前,Segue 1是已知的所有星系中质光比最高的[3]。如此高的质光比,意味着它的主要成分可能是暗物质。但是,因为前景有值得注意的污染,会增加速度色散,因此很难估计这种暗弱天体的质量。此外,任何的质量估计都基于一个隐含的假设:引力束缚的天体,但在分裂或瓦解过程中的天体,这未必是真实的[6]

Segue 1的恒星族群主要是在120亿年前形成的老年恒星[6]。这些老年恒星的金属量也都非常低,在[Fe/H] ≈ −2.5 ± 0.8,这意味着太阳的重元素含量是这些恒星的300倍[3]。目前在Segue 1没有新的恒星在形成。迄今尚为能在其中检测到中性氢 --上限为太阳质量的13倍[7]。估计在其中大约有1000颗左右的恒星,其中有7颗被发现是在红巨星的阶段。Segue 1的化学成分显示在这个星系形成后,没有大量的化学演化;配合这个现象的想法是它可能只经历过一次恒星形成的爆炸,因而可能是早期宇宙幸存下来的化石星系[8][9][10][11][12]

Segue 1位于和太阳有着相同距离的人马座星流之中。它可能曾经是人马座矮椭球星系中的一个球状星团,之后受到银河系潮汐力而被剥离了[6]。然而,最近研究的结论认为Segue 1与人马座星流没有实际上的关联,它不是被潮汐剥离的[3][13]。如果Segue 1在过去是一个星系,它可能是人马座矮椭球星系的卫星星系[5]

注解

  1. ^ 来自其它来源的绝对星等从-1.6至-3.0[2][6]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Results for NAME SEGUE 1. [2010-03-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-19). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Belokurov, V.; Zucker, D. B.; Evans, N. W.; Kleyna, J. T.; Koposov, S.; Hodgkin, S. T.; Irwin, M. J.; Gilmore, G.; Wilkinson, M. I.; Fellhauer, M.; Bramich, D. M.; Hewett, P. C.; Vidrih, S.; De Jong, J. T. A.; Smith, J. A.; Rix, H. ‐W.; Bell, E. F.; Wyse, R. F. G.; Newberg, H. J.; Mayeur, P. A.; Yanny, B.; Rockosi, C. M.; Gnedin, O. Y.; Schneider, D. P.; Beers, T. C.; Barentine, J. C.; Brewington, H.; Brinkmann, J.; Harvanek, M.; Kleinman, S. J. Cats and Dogs, Hair and a Hero: A Quintet of New Milky Way Companions. The Astrophysical Journal. 2007, 654 (2): 897. Bibcode:2007ApJ...654..897B. arXiv:astro-ph/0608448可免费查阅. doi:10.1086/509718. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Simon, J. D.; Geha, M.; Minor, Q. E.; Martinez, G. D.; Kirby, E. N.; Bullock, J. S.; Kaplinghat, M.; Strigari, L. E.; Willman, B.; Choi, P. I.; Tollerud, E. J.; Wolf, J. A Complete Spectroscopic Survey of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1: The Darkest Galaxy. The Astrophysical Journal. 2011, 733: 46. Bibcode:2011ApJ...733...46S. arXiv:1007.4198可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/733/1/46. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Martin, N. F.; De Jong, J. T. A.; Rix, H. W. A Comprehensive Maximum Likelihood Analysis of the Structural Properties of Faint Milky Way Satellites. The Astrophysical Journal. 2008, 684 (2): 1075. Bibcode:2008ApJ...684.1075M. arXiv:0805.2945可免费查阅. doi:10.1086/590336. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Geha, Marla; Willman, Beth; Simon, Joshua D.; Strigari, Louis E.; Kirby, Evan N.; Law, David R.; Strader, Jay. The Least-Luminous Galaxy: Spectroscopy of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1. The Astrophysical Journal. 2009, 692 (2): 1464–1475. Bibcode:2009ApJ...692.1464G. arXiv:0809.2781可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/692/2/1464. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Niederste-Ostholt, M.; Belokurov, V.; et al. The Origin of Segue 1. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2009, 398 (4): 1771–1781. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.398.1771N. arXiv:0906.3669可免费查阅. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15287.x. 
  7. ^ Grcevich, J.; Putman, M. E. H I in Local Group Dwarf Galaxies and Stripping by the Galactic Halo. The Astrophysical Journal. 2009, 696: 385. Bibcode:2009ApJ...696..385G. arXiv:0901.4975可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/385. 
  8. ^ Nearby galaxy is a 'fossil' from the early universe. Science Daily. 1 May 2014 [2017-01-25]. (原始内容存档于2018-05-28). 
  9. ^ news.nationalgeographic.com 2014-05-1 Fossil Galaxy. [2017-01-25]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-12). 
  10. ^ The Astrophysical Journal 2014-04-16 Segue 1: An Unevolved Fossil Galaxy from the Early Universe. [2017-01-25]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-04). 
  11. ^ http://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.6116v1.pdf SEGUE 1: AN UNEVOLVED FOSSIL GALAXY FROM THE EARLY UNIVERSE (PDF). [2017-01-25]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-10-20).  外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
  12. ^ Cornell University 2014-03-24 Segue 1: An Unevolved Fossil Galaxy from the Early Universe. [2017-01-25]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-02). 
  13. ^ Martinez, G. D.; Minor, Q. E.; Bullock, J.; Kaplinghat, M.; Simon, J. D.; Geha, M. A Complete Spectroscopic Survey of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1: Dark Matter Content, Stellar Membership, and Binary Properties from a Bayesian Analysis. The Astrophysical Journal. 2011, 738: 55. Bibcode:2011ApJ...738...55M. arXiv:1008.4585可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/738/1/55. 

外部链接

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Segue 1
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