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大熊座III

大熊座III
观测资料(J2000 历元
星座大熊座
赤经11h 38m 49.8s[1]
赤纬+31° 04′ 42″[1]
距离32.6±3.3 kly
(10±1 kpc)[1]
绝对星等 (V)+2.2+0.4
−0.3
[1]
特征
类型dSph[1]
质光比6500[1] M/L
恒星数量57+21
−19
[1]
有效半径 (P)3±1 pc[1]
有效半径 (A)0.9′[1]
其他名称
UMa III, UNIONS 1
参见:星系星系列表

大熊座III(Ursa Major III)是银河系的一个矮卫星星系,是迄今为止发现的最小、最微弱的星系[2]加法夏望远镜泛星计划夏威夷的两个天文台)合作进行的深广视野紫外近红外光学北方巡天(Ultraviolet Near Infrared Optical Northern Survey)首次发现该星系,附加数据由凯克天文台的深成像提供多目标摄谱仪(DEIMOS),分辨率为6400万像素。

2023年11月,天文学家正式宣布发现大熊座III,并于2024年1月在《天体物理学杂志》上发表了一篇论文。

它距离太阳约32,600光年,直径仅19.6光年,被认为只包含约60颗恒星。它的绝对星等仅为+2.2等,这使它成为迄今为止最黯淡的银河系的卫星星系,只有牛郎星那么亮。绝对星等对应于16M☉的恒星质量[1]

大熊座 III的质光比预计约为6,500。 然而,随着一颗疑似银河系的恒星被移除,这个数字就只剩下1,900。这个非常高的值表明星系存在巨大的暗物质晕,显示大熊座III确实是一个真正的矮星系,尽管其恒星质量极低。由于大熊座 III的总光度约为11.4 L☉,因此其总质量可能仅为74,000 M☉ 左右,为已知质量最小的星系之一。

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 Smith, Simon E. T.; Cerny, William; Hayes, Christian R.; Sestito, Federico; Jensen, Jaclyn; McConnachie, Alan W.; Geha, Marla; Navarro, Julio; Li, Ting S., The discovery of the faintest known Milky Way satellite using UNIONS, The Astrophysical Journal, January 2024, 961 (1): 92, Bibcode:2024ApJ...961...92S, arXiv:2311.10147可免费查阅, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad0d9f可免费查阅 
  2. ^ Kuthunur, Sharmila. Group of 60 ultra-faint stars orbiting the Milky Way could be new type of galaxy never seen before. Live Science. 3 April 2024 [10 April 2024]. 


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大熊座III
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