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钍化合物

钍元素的反应

许多化合物是已知的,它和铀是最稳定且最易获得的锕系元素,并且是可在常规实验室中安全合法地大量研究的锕系元素。因此,它们的化学性质在锕系元素中研究得最多,因为它们的自热和辐射不足以像其他锕系元素(如)一样引起化学键的辐射分解[1]从锕系元素后部分起,这些元素主要形成三价的化合物,使之化学性质与相应的镧系元素相似,正如人们从周期性趋势中所预期的那样,钚前的锕系元素(因此包括钍和铀)都相对不稳定,因此离域化了5f和6d电子以与3族8族的早期过渡金属相似的方式参与化学反应:因此,它们的所有价电子都可以参与化学反应,但对镎和钚来说,所有价电子参与反应并不常见。[2]

简单化合物

  • 二氧化钍,别名氧化钍,化学式ThO2
  • 四氟化钍是一种无机化合物。它是一种白色有吸湿性的粉末,可由金属气直接化合制得。在温度高于500 °C时,它与空气中的水分反应,水解成ThOF2[3]
  • 四碘化钍,由钍和碘蒸气直接化合而成。
  • 甲酸钍,是一种无机化合物,化学式为Th(HCOO)4
  • 乙酸钍,化学式为Th(CH3COO)4。除了正盐,它也能形成碱式盐。
  • 氢化钍,可由单质在300oC化合而成。
  • 氮化钍,由在空气中燃烧而成,副产物氧化钍

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1265
  2. ^ 引用错误:没有为名为CottonSA2006的参考文献提供内容
  3. ^ Dale L. Perry, Sidney L. Phillips. Handbook of inorganic compounds. CRC Press. 1995: 412. ISBN 0-8493-8671-3. 
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钍化合物
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