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水解.
水解是一种化工单元过程,是物质与水反应,利用水形成新物质的过程。通常是指盐类的水解平衡。不包含淀粉酶分解。
有机物的水解
有机物的分子一般都比较大,水解时需要酸或碱作为催化剂,有时也用生物活性酶作为催化剂。酯会水解成酸和醇[1] ;在酸性水溶液(稀释盐酸溶液)中脂肪会水解成甘油和脂肪酸;淀粉会水解成葡萄糖;蛋白质会水解成氨基酸等分子量比较小的物质。
在碱性水溶液中,脂肪会分解成甘油和固体脂肪酸盐(即香皂),因此这种水解也叫作皂化反应。
参考资料
- ^ 魏荣宝; 阮伟祥; 梁娅. 有機化學. 北京: 化学工业出版社.
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