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臭氧化物

臭氧化物
IUPAC名
Trioxidan-1-id-3-yl
识别
CAS号 12596-80-4  checkY
PubChem 11966307
ChemSpider 10140300
SMILES
 
  • [O-]O[O]
InChI
 
  • 1/HO3/c1-3-2/h1H/p-1
InChIKey WURFKUQACINBSI-REWHXWOFAH
性质
化学式 O
3
摩尔质量 47.999 g·mol⁻¹
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

无机化学中,臭氧化物指含有逆磁性角形臭氧离子O
3
)的一类化合物,母体臭氧酸(HO3)尚未制得。碱金属碱土金属四甲基铵的臭氧化物均已制得,锂臭氧化物以四加合物形式存在。臭氧于143K通过氨时,也可得到臭氧化铵(NH4O3)。

有机臭氧化物烯烃臭氧化反应的中间体,不大稳定,由烯烃臭氧进行偶极加成得到,会发生重排。它们是比有机过氧化物爆炸性更强的物质。

无机臭氧化物

已知的臭氧化物都为离子化合物,碱土金属和碱金属的臭氧化物都有颜色,臭氧化钾呈红棕色。臭氧化钾可由钾与臭氧反应或臭氧通入氢氧化钾溶液得到,也可将臭氧通入钾的液氨溶液来制备。锂和钠的臭氧化物稳定性更低,须在低温下用CsO3作原料复分解制备,尚不能分离出纯品。

臭氧化物分解一般生成过氧化物,与二氧化碳反应的最终产物为碳酸盐和氧气,与水反应经由羟基自由基中间体,生成氧气和氢氧化物。鉴于臭氧化物在多种情况下都能生成氧气,所以作为氧的可能来源,人们已对它们进行了深入细致的研究,以期在航空和宇航工业上取得应用。

臭氧化物具爆炸性,最好于低温惰性气体保护下使用。

参见

参考资料

  • 《无机化学丛书》第五卷,氧硫硒分族。北京:科学出版社,1984年。
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臭氧化物
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