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卤化金

卤化金卤素形成的化合物。

单卤化物

一氯化金(AuCl)、一溴化金(AuBr)和一碘化金(AuI)都是具有交替链状结构…-X-Au-X-Au-X-Au-X-…的晶体,其X-Au-X键角小于180°。[1]

单分子的AuF在气相中被检测到。[2]

三卤化物

三氯化金的结构

三碘化金(AuI3)不存在或不稳定。[3]三氯化金(AuCl3)在254 °C以下由单质反应得到,它是挥发性的红色固体。其挥发的物种为二聚体Au2Cl6三溴化金(AuBr3)也能由相似的元素反应得到,主要以二聚体Au2Br6的形式存在。

三氟化金(AuF3)具有独特的聚合螺旋链结构,包含corner-sharing的正方形{AuF4}。

五卤化物

五氟化金(AuF5)是+5价金化合物,它主要以二聚体Au2F10的形式存在。

参考文献

  1. ^ Greenwood, Norman Neill; Earnshaw, Alan. Chemistry of the elements. 2016. ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9. OCLC 1040112384 (英语). 
  2. ^ D. Schröder; J. Hrušák; I. C. Tornieporth-Oetting; T. M. Klapötke; H. Schwarz. Neutral Gold(I) Fluoride Does Indeed Exist. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 1994, 33 (2): 212–214. doi:10.1002/anie.199402121. 
  3. ^ Schulz, A., & Hargittai, M., Structural variations and bonding in gold halides: A quantum chemical study of monomeric and dimeric gold monohalide and gold trihalide molecules, AuX, Au2X2, AuX3, and Au2X6 (X = F, Cl, Br, I), Chemistry - A European Journal, 2001, 7 (17): 3657–3670 


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卤化金
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