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林甘语

林甘语
Lyngam
Lyngngam
母语国家和地区印度
区域梅加拉亚邦阿萨姆邦
母语使用人数
11,586 (2011年普查)[1]
语系
南亚语系
语言代码
ISO 639-3lyg
Glottologlyng1241[2]

林甘语印度东北部一种南亚语系语言,与卡西语关系密切。曾被列为卡西语方言,但在最近的文献中已被分为一种独立的语言。林甘语使用者的食物和服饰与相邻的加罗人很像。

音系

辅音

  唇音 齿龈音 硬颚音 软腭音 声门音
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ɲ/ /ŋ/  
塞音 /p/ /t/ /c/ /k/ /ʔ/
送气 /pʰ/ /tʰ/ /cʰ/ /kʰ/  
/b/ /d/ /ɟ/ /ɡ/  
擦音   /s/     /h/
流音   /l, r/      
半元音 /w/   /j/    

与卡西语的主要区别在于,林甘语没有保留浊送气音,还没有/ç/。卡西语中的/ç/一般对应林甘语的/c//s/[4]:sect. 2如下列同源词显示:

林甘语 卡西语 词义
cʔeŋ çʔeŋ
cɨppʰeu çipʰeu 10
sɲjək çɲiuʔ 头发
snaːr çnjaʔ 凿子

元音

只有/i//a/有长短对立,而卡西语中所有元音都有长短对立。

  前元音
展唇
央元音
展唇
后元音
圆唇
闭元音 /i, iː/ /ɨ/ /u/
半闭元音 /e/ /ə/ /o/
开元音 /a, aː/

卡西语双元音一般对应林甘语单元音:[4]

林甘语 卡西语 词义
bni bnaːi
ksu ksəu
mot miet

参考

  1. ^ Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011. www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. [2018-07-07]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-16). 
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). India Lyngam. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Nagaraja 1996
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Nagaraja 1996
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林甘语
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