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孔卡尼语

孔卡尼语
कोंकणी
孔卡尼语天城文书写
发音[kõkɳi]
母语国家和地区印度
区域康坎,包含卡纳塔克邦马哈拉施特拉邦果阿邦,以及喀拉拉邦古吉拉特邦当斯县的一部分;也包含达德拉-纳加尔哈维利达曼-第乌中央直辖区 孔卡尼语使用者也遍布美国、英国、肯尼亚[1]乌干达波斯湾[2]葡萄牙
族群孔卡尼人英语Konkani people
母语使用人数
2.3百万 (2011年调查)[3]
语系
方言
方言组卡纳里方言英语Canarese Konkani、果阿方言
独立方言马瓦尼方言英语Malvani language、班加罗尔方言、吉特巴万方言英语Chitpavani Konkani、安图资方言、巴迪斯卡方言、撒西提方言、达尔迪方言、帕尼卡方言
文字过去婆罗米文果阿卡纳达文英语Goykanadi
现在天城文(官方)[note 1]拉丁字母[note 2]卡纳达文[note 3]以及马拉雅拉姆文[4]
官方地位
作为官方语言 印度
管理机构果阿邦的多所大学及政府英语Government of Goa[5]
语言代码
ISO 639-2kok
ISO 639-3kok——囊括代码英语ISO 639 macrolanguage
各项代码:
gom – 果阿孔卡尼语
knn – 马哈施特拉孔卡尼语英语Maharashtrian Konkani
Glottologgoan1235  Goan Konkani[6]
konk1267  Konkani[7]
孔卡尼语母语使用者分布

孔卡尼语(天城体: कोंकणी, Kōṅkaṇī)或康坎语,属印欧语系印度-伊朗语族印度-雅利安语支。主要适用于印度康坎地区。使用人口约760万。孔卡尼语为印度果阿邦官方语言,也是印度政府的官方语言之一。官方文本采用天城体书写。

注解

  1. ^ 天城文已迅速发展为官方文字。
  2. ^ 拉丁字母并非法定官方文字,但果阿邦此前通过一项条例允许在官方交流中使用拉丁字母,而这项条例已被各个行政部门不同程度接受。例如1996年果阿邦村民委员会条例页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)规定选举使用的各种表格必须同时以拉丁文和天城文书写。
  3. ^ 卡纳达文并非法定文字,然而在卡纳塔卡邦的孔卡尼语则确实使用卡纳达文,而非天城文。

注释

  1. ^ Whiteley, Wilfred Howell. Language in Kenya. Oxford University Press. 1974: 589. 
  2. ^ Kurzon, Denis. Where East looks West: success in English in Goa and on the Konkan Coast Volume 125 of Multilingual matters. Multilingual Matters. 2004: 158. ISBN 978-1-85359-673-5. 
  3. ^ Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011. www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. [2018-07-07]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-16). 
  4. ^ Mother Tongue blues页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) – Madhavi Sardesai
  5. ^ The Goa Daman and Diu Official Language Act (PDF). Government of India. [2010年3月5日]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009年3月4日). 
  6. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Goan Konkani. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 
  7. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Maharashtrian Konkani. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 

参阅

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孔卡尼语
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