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三胞胎素数

数论中,三胞胎素数(也称为三生素数)是一类由三个连续素数组成的数组。三胞胎素数的定义类似于孪生素数,它的名字也正是由此而来。

定义

正如孪生素数是指差等于2的两个素数,三胞胎素数是指三个连续素数,使得其中最大的一个减去最小一个的差不超过6。事实上,除了最小的两组三胞胎素数:(2, 3, 5) 和 (3, 5, 7),其它的三胞胎素数都是相差达到6的三元数组。除了以上两个特例以外,三胞胎素数分为两类:

  1. A类三胞胎素数,构成为,相差2的两个孪生素数在前面,例如:(5,7,11);(11,13,17); (17,19,23);等等。
  2. B类三胞胎素数,构成为,相差2的两个孪生素数在后面,例如:(7,11,13);(13,17,19);(37,41,43);等等。

当素数p 大于3时,可以证明形同的数组不可能是三胞胎素数[1]。事实上,这三个数对3的模两两不同,所以必然有一个能被3整除。然而这三个数都比3要大,因此一定有一个是3的倍数,从而这个数不是素数。


参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Richard E. Crandall, Carl Pomerance. Prime numbers: a computational perspective. Springer, 第二版. 2005. ISBN 978-0387252827. 第77页.
  • 《一万个世界之谜--数学分册》湖北少儿出版社,主编梁宗巨

《素数问题》【东北师范大学报自然科学版】2004年11月36卷23页(增刊)

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三胞胎素数
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