For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 三氧化钨.

三氧化钨

三氧化钨
IUPAC名
Tungsten trioxide
别名 氧化钨、钨酸酐、氧化钨(VI)
识别
CAS号 1314-35-8  checkY
PubChem 14811
SMILES
 
  • O=[W](=O)=O
InChI
 
  • 1S/3O.W
RTECS YO7760000
性质
化学式 WO3
摩尔质量 231.84 g·mol⁻¹
外观 黄色粉末
密度 7.16 g/cm3
熔点 1473 °C
沸点 ~1700 °C
溶解性 不可溶
溶解性(其他溶剂) 可溶于碱,微溶于酸
结构
晶体结构 单斜晶系
配位几何 平面三角形
危险性
警示术语 R:R22-R36/37/38
安全术语 S:S26-S36
MSDS External MSDS
主要危害 可能对眼部、皮肤、呼吸和消化系统造成损害
闪点 N/A
相关物质
相关化学品 WO2H2WO4
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

三氧化钨化学式WO3)是(VI)的氧化物,是从钨矿制取单质钨工业的重要中间体。[1]该冶炼过程涉及两步:第一步用处理钨矿,制得WO3,然后用氢气还原三氧化钨,得到金属钨:

WO3 + 3H2 → W + 3H2O
2WO3 + 3C → 2W + 3CO2

制备

[编辑]

三氧化钨可由很多方法制备:

CaWO4 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2WO4
H2WO4 → H2O + WO3
(NH4)10[H2W12O42]·4H2O → 12 WO3 + 10NH3 + 11H2O

结构

[编辑]

三氧化钨的结构取决于温度:它在740 °C以上为四方晶系、330-740 °C为正交晶系、17-330 °C为单斜晶系、-50-17 °C为三斜晶系。单斜的结构最常见,其空间群为P21/n。[2]

化学性质

[编辑]

三氧化钨的性质随制备条件的不同(速率和温度)而不同:低温下制得的三氧化钨较活泼,易溶于水;[2]高温制得的三氧化钨则不溶于水。此外,若仲钨酸铵热分解时为还原性气氛,则产物为蓝色氧化钨(钨蓝,WO3-x),[3]组分不定,主要是三氧化钨、盐和二氧化钨

还原剂,如还原钨酸盐溶液也可得到“钨蓝”,使整个溶液呈蓝色。

用途

[编辑]

除制取金属钨外,黄色的三氧化钨也可作为颜料,用在陶瓷和涂料中。[1]使用红外线電致變色的非接触式车窗控制系统(Smart windows)中,也应用了三氧化钨。[4]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Patnaik, Pradyot. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lassner, Erik and Wolf-Dieter Schubert. Tungsten: Properties, Chemistry, Technology of the Element, Alloys, and Chemical Compounds. New York: Kluwer Academic, 1999.
  3. ^ "Tungsten Oxides & Acids" International Tungsten Industry Association. 2003<http://www.itia.org.uk/Default.asp?Page=44页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)>.
  4. ^ Lee, W.J.; Fang, Y.K.; Ho, J.; Hsieh, W.T.; Ting, S.F. J. Electron. Mater. 2000, 29 (2), 183.
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
三氧化钨
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?