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二氧化钼

二氧化钼
IUPAC名
Molybdenum(IV) oxide
别名 氧化钼(IV)
识别
CAS号 18868-43-4  checkY
PubChem 29320
SMILES
 
  • O=[Mo]=O
性质
化学式 MoO2
摩尔质量 127.94 g·mol⁻¹
外观 棕紫色固体
密度 6.47 g/cm3
熔点 1,100 °C(1,370 K)(分解)
溶解性 难溶于水、碱、盐酸、氢氟酸
溶解性 微溶于热硫酸
磁化率 +41.0·10−6 cm3/mol
结构
晶体结构 扭曲的金红石结构(四方晶系)
配位几何 八面体形(MoIV
三角形(O−II
危险性
闪点 不可燃
相关物质
其他阴离子 二硫化钼
其他阳离子 二氧化铬
二氧化钨
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

二氧化钼是+4价氧化物,化学式为MoO2。它是紫色的金属导体。

它在自然界以罕见的秋格瑞诺夫矿的形式存在。

制备

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二氧化钼可以由下述方法制备:

2 MoO3 + Mo → 3 MoO2

单晶可通过参与的化学转移反应制备。碘和MoO2可逆地结合,产生挥发性的MoO2I2来使转移进行。[2]

氧化钼是“工业氧化钼”的成分之一,它在MoS2的冶炼中产生:[3][4]

2 MoS2 + 7O2 → 2MoO3 + 4SO2
MoS2 + 6MoO3 → 7MoO2 + 2SO2
2 MoO2 + O2 → 2MoO3

用途

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MoO2可用作类的脱氢的催化剂[5],也可用作碳氢化合物[6]生物柴油[7]的重整催化剂。通过还原在石墨上沉积的二氧化钼,可以制得钼纳米线。[8]氧化钼也有潜力用作锂离子电池的阳极材料。[9][10]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 6th, New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1999, ISBN 0-471-19957-5 
  2. ^ Conroy, L. E.; Ben-Dor, L. "Molybdenum(IV) Oxide and Tungsten(IV) Oxides Single-Crystals" Inorganic Syntheses 1995, volume 30, pp. 105–107. ISBN 0-471-30508-1
  3. ^ Metallurgical furnaces Jorg Grzella, Peter Sturm, Joachim Kruger, Markus A. Reuter, Carina Kogler, Thomas Probst, Ullmans Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
  4. ^ "Thermal Analysis and Kinetics of Oxidation of Molybdenum Sulfides" Y. Shigegaki, S.K. Basu, M.Wakihara and M. Taniguchi, J. Therm. Analysis 34 (1988), 1427-1440
  5. ^ A. A. Balandin and I. D. Rozhdestvenskaya, Russian Chemical Bulletin, 8, 11, (1959), 1573 doi:10.1007/BF00914749
  6. ^ Molybdenum based catalysts. I. MoO2 as the active species in the reforming of hydrocarbons A. Katrib, P. Leflaive, L. Hilaire and G. Maire Catalysis Letters, 38, 1–2, (1996) doi:10.1007/BF00806906
  7. ^ Catalytic partial oxidation of a biodiesel surrogate over molybdenum dioxide, C.M. Cuba-Torres, et al, Fuel (2015), doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.003
  8. ^ Synthesis of Molybdenum Nanowires with Millimeter-Scale Lengths Using Electrochemical Step Edge Decoration M. P. Zach, K. Inazu, K. H. Ng, J. C. Hemminger, and R. M. Penner Chem. Mater. (2002),14, 3206 doi:10.1021/cm020249a
  9. ^ Shi, Yifeng; Guo, Bingkun; Corr, Serena A.; Shi, Qihui; Hu, Yong-Sheng; Heier, Kevin R.; Chen, Liquan; Seshadri, Ram; Stucky, Galen D. Ordered Mesoporous Metallic MoO2 Materials with Highly Reversible Lithium Storage Capacity. Nano Letters. 2009-12-09, 9 (12): 4215–4220. ISSN 1530-6984. doi:10.1021/nl902423a. 
  10. ^ Kim, Hyung-Seok; Cook, John B.; Tolbert, Sarah H.; Dunn, Bruce. The Development of Pseudocapacitive Properties in Nanosized-MoO2. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 2015-01-01, 162 (5): A5083–A5090 [2018-02-10]. ISSN 0013-4651. doi:10.1149/2.0141505jes. (原始内容存档于2018-06-04) (英语). 
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二氧化钼
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