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四氧化二锑

四氧化二锑
IUPAC名
氧化锑(III,V)
识别
CAS号 12786-74-2(SbO2 checkY
1332-81-6(Sb2O4 checkY
PubChem 74002
性质
化学式 Sb2O4
摩尔质量 307.5176 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色固体
密度 6.64 g/cm3(正交晶系) [1]
熔点 分解
沸点 分解
溶解性 不溶
折光度n
D
2.0
结构
晶体结构 正交晶系
危险性
NFPA 704
1
2
0
 
相关物质
相关化学品 三氧化二锑
五氧化二锑
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

四氧化二锑是一种无机化合物,化学式为Sb2O4。这种物质存在于黄锑矿(cervantite)中。[2]它是白色固体但在加热时可逆的变黄。这种物质的最简式为SbO2,但被称作四氧化二锑来表明其中有两种价态的锑原子。

制备与结构

[编辑]

在空气中加热Sb2O3可生成四氧化二锑:[3]

Sb2O3 + 0.5 O2 → Sb2O4 ΔH = −187 kJ/mol

800°C时,五氧化二锑分解也可制备它:

Sb2O5 → Sb2O4 + 0.5 O2 ΔH = −64 kJ/mol

其中锑有两种氧化态,分别是+3和+5。目前已发现两种晶型,一种是正交晶系(右侧图片),另一种是单斜晶系[1]两种晶型都是六配位的锑(V)中心原子在原位,而变形的锑(III)原子与四个氧原子成键。

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 J. Amador, E. Gutierrez Puebla, M. A. Monge, I. Rasines, and C. Ruiz Valero "Diantimony Tetraoxides Revisited" Inorganic Chemistry 1988, Volume 27, pp. 1367–1370. doi:10.1021/ic00281a011
  2. ^ Cervantite. Webminerals. [2009-06-06]. (原始内容存档于2009-07-14). 
  3. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
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四氧化二锑
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