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小蓝蟹

小蓝蟹
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亚门: 甲壳亚门 Crustacea
纲: 软甲纲 Malacostraca
目: 十足目 Decapoda
亚目: 腹胚亚目 Pleocyemata
下目: 短尾下目 Brachyura
科: 梭子蟹科 Portunidae
属: 美青蟹属 Callinectes
种:
小蓝蟹 C. similis
二名法
Callinectes similis
A. B. Williams, 1966[1]

小蓝蟹学名Callinectes similis)是一种美青蟹属物种[2]

特征

小蓝蟹最后的步足扁平,适合游泳。公蟹可以阔达12.2厘米,雌蟹则阔9.5厘米。[3]

小蓝蟹的最为接近Callinectes danae[4]Callinectes ornatusCallinectes danae也在墨西哥湾出没,更南至南里奥格兰德州[5]Callinectes ornatus则分布在北卡罗来纳州至南里奥格兰德州。[6]小蓝蟹公蟹的第一及第二步足与C. danaeC. ornatus有所分别。[7]小蓝蟹的甲壳上有6只牙齿,而蓝蟹的只有两只。[7]

分布

小蓝蟹分布在大西洋加勒比海及由美国哥伦比亚墨西哥湾。其北方界限位于德拉瓦湾(Delaware Bay)。[3]美青蟹属中的物种很易混淆,现时相信在墨西哥湾内(除了佛罗里达州)所有声称为C. danaeC. ornatus其实是小蓝蟹。[7]

生态

小蓝蟹栖息在沼泽河口,在海湾中数量最多。它们只限于不少于15‰盐度的环境,而温度也会影响繁殖[3]

小蓝蟹主要吃植物鱼类多毛类、其他甲壳类如北褐虾、软体动物如侏儒蛤、及碎屑。[2]

小蓝蟹会于春天冬天产卵,雌蟹会回到海滨带产卵。[3]雌蟹平均可以带着25万颗卵。[2]

渔业

虽然小蓝蟹并非主要渔获,但有时也会与蓝蟹一同被捕捉。[3]

参考

  1. ^ Callinectes similis. ITIS. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sergio Chazaro–Olvera, Arturo Rocha–Ramirez & Ramiro Roman–Contreras. Observations on feeding, maturity and fecundity of Callinectes similis Williams, 1966, on the central continental shelf off Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana. 2000, 73 (3): 323–32 [2010-06-21]. doi:10.1163/156854000504417. (原始内容存档于2011-06-07). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Melany P. Puglisi. Callinectes similis. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. 2008-10-01 [2010-06-21]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-10). 
  4. ^ Rafael Robles, Christoph D. Schubart, Jesús E. Conde, Carlos Carmona-Suárez, Fernando Alvarez, José L. Villalobos & Darryl L. Felder. Molecular phylogeny of the American Callinectes Stimpson, 1860 (Brachyura: Portunidae), based on two partial mitochondrial genes. Marine Biology. 2007, 150: 1265–74. doi:10.1007/s00227-006-0437-7. [永久失效链接]
  5. ^ M. M. Chacur & M. L. Negreiros-Fransozo. Spatial and seasonal distribution of Callinectes danae (Decapoda, Portunidae) in Ubatuba Bay, São Paulo, Brazil. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 2001, 21: 414–25. doi:10.1651/0278-0372(2001)021[0414:SASDOC]2.0.CO;2. 
  6. ^ Melany P. Puglisi. Callinectes ornatus. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. 2008-08-01 [2010-06-21]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-10). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Perry and Larsen. Guide to Shelf Invertebrates, Gulf of Mexico (PDF). Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission. 2004 [2010-06-21]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-02-14). 
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小蓝蟹
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