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去甲基肾上腺素 (药物)

Norepinephrine
临床资料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureLevarterenol, Levophed, Norepin, other
其他名称Noradrenaline
(R)-(–)-Norepinephrine
l-1-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
核准状况
怀孕分级
给药途径注射
ATC码
生理学数据
来源组织蓝斑核交感神经adrenal medulla英语adrenal medulla
目标组织全身性
受体α1英语Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, α2英语Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, β1英语Beta-1 adrenergic receptor, β3英语Beta-3 adrenergic receptor
激动剂拟交感神经药可乐定异丙肾上腺素英语isoprenaline
拮抗剂三环类抗抑郁药β受体阻滞剂抗精神病药
药物代谢MAO-A英语Monoamine oxidase A儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶
法律规范状态
法律规范
药物动力学数据
药物代谢MAO-A英语Monoamine oxidase A儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶
排泄途径尿(84–96%)
识别信息
  • 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
CAS号51-41-2  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
化学信息
化学式C8H11NO3
摩尔质量169.18 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
密度1.397±0.06 g/cm3
熔点217 °C(423 °F) (分解)
沸点442.6 °C(828.7 °F) ±40.0°C
  • Oc1ccc(cc1O)[C@@H](O)CN
  • InChI=1S/C8H11NO3/c9-4-8(12)5-1-2-6(10)7(11)3-5/h1-3,8,10-12H,4,9H2/t8-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N checkY

去甲基肾上腺素(英文名:Norepinephrine或Noradrenaline)为一种治疗严重低血压药物[1],通常于败血症患者静脉注射升压药物后,仍无法改善其低血压时使用[2]。去甲肾上腺素的分子结构跟激素神经传导物质去甲基肾上腺素相同[1],给药方式为慢速静脉注射[1]

常见的副作用有头痛,心搏率减慢及焦虑[1],也可能会有心律不整的副作用[1]。如果去甲肾上腺素从静脉给药处外漏,可能导致肢体缺血[1],若药品外溢,可在受影响处局部给予抑肾上腺药苄胺唑啉英语Phentolamin (或称芬妥胺),会比较有帮助[1],去甲基肾上腺素作用方式有赖 α肾上腺素受体结合及活化来进行[1]

此药是在1946年研发成功,美国并于1950年核准使用在医疗用途[1][3],目前已有学名药上市[1]。2015年时,发展中国家取得此药的批发价约为每瓶4毫克装0.42美元[4];在英国,国民保健署取得相同剂量的成本为4.4英磅[5]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 Norepinephrine Bitartrate. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [26 March 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-03-26). 
  2. ^ Latifi, Rifat. Surgical Decision Making: Beyond the Evidence Based Surgery. Springer. 2016: 67 [2019-04-15]. ISBN 9783319298245. (原始内容存档于2017-03-27) (英语). 
  3. ^ Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences. Academic Press. 2014: 224 [2019-04-15]. ISBN 9780123851581. (原始内容存档于2017-03-27) (英语). 
  4. ^ Norepinephrine. mshpriceguide.org. [26 March 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-03-26). 
  5. ^ British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 145. ISBN 9780857111562. 
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去甲基肾上腺素 (药物)
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