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低表面亮度星系

GALEX拍摄的低表面亮度漩涡星系NGC 45

低表面亮度星系low-surface-brightness galaxy),或LSB星系,是一种弥漫星系,当从地球观察这些星系时,在夜空的环境中,它们的表面亮度至少比周围的背景天光低一个星等。

多数的LSB星系是矮星系,并且其中多数的重子物质是以中性气态氢形式存在的,而不是以恒星的形式存在。它们似乎有超过95%[来源请求]的质量来源于非重子暗物质。 在这些星系中似乎也没有超新星的活动。

对LSB星系的自转曲线测量显示出极高比率的质量-光度比)。这意味着恒星和发光气体对LSB星系的整体质量平衡贡献很少。在LSB星系中心的恒星中没有大的超高密度恒星,这和普通漩涡星系核球有很大差异。因此,即使在星系中心似乎也是由暗物质主导的。这使得它们成为研究暗物质的绝佳实验室。

相对于曾被仔细研究过的高表面亮度星系,LSB星系主要是孤立的视场星系,在缺乏其它星系的天区中被发现。它们在形成的早期较少地与其它星系发生潮汐相互作用合并,而这些都会促进恒星的形成。这可以解释它们只含有少量的恒星。

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参考资料

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低表面亮度星系
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