For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 普洛尼克数.

普洛尼克数

本條目存在以下問題,請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目可能包含原创研究。 (2018年10月26日)请协助補充参考资料、添加相关内联标签和删除原创研究内容以改善这篇条目。详细情况请参见讨论页。 此條目或其章節极大或完全地依赖于某个单一的来源。 (2021年2月5日)请协助補充多方面可靠来源改善这篇条目。致使用者:请搜索一下条目的标题(来源搜索:"普洛尼克数"网页新闻书籍学术图像),以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源(判定指引) 此條目需要擴充。 (2013年2月14日)请協助改善这篇條目,更進一步的信息可能會在討論頁扩充请求中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。

數學中,普洛尼克数(pronic number),也叫矩形数(oblong number),是两个连续非负整数积,即。第n个普洛尼克数都是n的三角形数的两倍。开头的几个普洛尼克数是:

0, 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, 42, 56, 72, 90, 110, 132, 156, 182, 210, 240, 272, 306, 342, 380, 420, 462, 506, 552, 600, 650, 702, 756, 812, 870, 930, 992, 1056, 1122, 1190, 1260, 1332, 1406, 1482, 1560, 1640, 1722, 1806, 1892, 1980, 2070, 2162, 2256, 2352, 2450, 2550, ...(OEIS數列A002378

性質

[编辑]

特殊的普洛尼克數

[编辑]
  • 同時為普洛尼克數及三角形數的數(不定方程):最小的幾個為0, 6, 210, 7140, 242556, 8239770,……[3][4],對應的值分別為0, 2, 14, 84, 492, 2870,……(OEIS數列A053141),對應的值分別為0, 3, 20, 119, 696, 4059,……(OEIS數列A001652)。

註釋

[编辑]
  1. ^ 若n≡0 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡0×1≡9 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡1 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡1×2≡2 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡2 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡2×3≡6 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡3 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡3×4≡12≡3 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡4 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡4×5≡20≡2 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡5 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡5×6≡30≡3 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡6 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡6×7≡42≡6 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡7 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡7×8≡56≡2 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡8 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡8×9≡72≡9 (mod 9)
    故得證。
  2. ^ 若n≡0 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡0×1≡0 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡1 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡1×2≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡2 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡2×3≡6 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡3 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡3×4≡12≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡4 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡4×5≡20≡0 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡5 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡5×6≡30≡0 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡6 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡6×7≡42≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡7 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡7×8≡56≡6 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡8 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡8×9≡72≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡9 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡9×10≡90≡0 (mod 10)
    故得證。
  3. ^ 因為n與(n+1)差1,所以兩數互質,故若n×(n+1)為平方數,則n與(n+1)也皆為平方數,2個平方數差1,則必為0與1,因此唯一的普洛尼克數兼平方數為0=0×1。
  4. ^ 普洛尼克数 n(n+1) 的4倍加1是4n2+4n+1 = (2n+1)2
  5. ^ 两个相邻的普洛尼克数 n(n+1) 和 (n+1)(n+2) 的平均是 (2n+2)(n+1)/2 = (n+1)2

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Knorr, Wilbur Richard英语Wilbur Knorr, The evolution of the Euclidean elements, Dordrecht-Boston, Mass.: D. Reidel Publishing Co.: 144–150, 1975 [2021-03-18], ISBN 90-277-0509-7, MR 0472300, (原始内容存档于2016-05-08) .
  2. ^ McDaniel, Wayne L., Pronic Fibonacci numbers (PDF), Fibonacci Quarterly, 1998, 36 (1): 56–59 [2017-05-26], MR 1605341, (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-29) 
  3. ^ Sloane, N.J.A. (编). Sequence A029549 (Triangular numbers that are also pronic numbers). The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. 
  4. ^ pronic numbers. NUMBERS APLENTY. [2021-02-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
普洛尼克数
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?