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殆完全數

殆完全數almost perfect number)是一種特別的自然數,它所有的真因數(即除了自身以外的因數)的和,恰好等於它本身減一。

殆完全數也可以用除數函數來表示,一自然數n的除數函數為其真因數的和及其本身的和,若其除數函數σ(n)等於2n - 1,該自然數即為殆完全數。殆完全數是一種虧數。虧度(σ(n) − 2n)為-1。

例如4的除數函數為2+1=3,比4小1,因此4是殆完全數。

目前已知的殆完全數為2的非負次幂(OEIS數列A000079),因此唯一已知奇數的殆完全數為20 = 1,但尚未證明除了2的非負次幂以外,是否存在其他型式的殆完全數。

参见

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參考資料

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  • Richard K. Guy|Guy, R. K., Almost Perfect, Quasi-Perfect, Pseudoperfect, Harmonic, Weird, Multiperfect and Hyperperfect Numbers. §B2 in Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 16 and 45-53, 1994.
  • Singh, S., Fermat's Enigma: The Epic Quest to Solve the World's Greatest Mathematical Problem. New York: Walker, p. 13, 1997.

外部連結

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殆完全數
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