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旁观者效应

旁观者效应(英语:Bystander effect)是一个社会心理学术语,在紧急情况下,一个人在有其他人在场时,出手帮助之机会降低,援助的几率与旁观者人数负相关。换句话说,旁观者数量越多,他们当中任何一人进行援助之机会越低。[1]

例子

38人的袖手旁观导致被杀害

1964年3月13日凯瑟琳·吉诺维斯凶杀案是旁观者效应最著名之事例[2],也是社会心理学在这一领域进行研究之最初动机。

根据《新闻周刊》2021年3月的一篇事实核查文章,凯瑟琳·吉诺维斯案的报导(吉诺维斯遇害时多达38人袖手旁观,任凶手三次行凶导致了吉诺维斯死亡)皆疑似为《纽约时报》记者查证不足下的杜撰,与警方资料有甚大差异[3]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Aronson, E., Akert, R. D., and Wilson, T. D. (2006). Social psychology (6th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  2. ^ 旁觀者效應蒸發,還紐約清白. sa.ylib.com. [2019-03-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-25) (中文(繁体)). 
  3. ^ Cagnassola, Mary Ellen. Fact Check: Did 38 Witnesses See Kitty Genovese Get Killed in 1964?. Newsweek. 2021-03-30 [2023-05-01]. (原始内容存档于2023-05-03) (英语). 

外部链接

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旁观者效应
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