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后掠翼

后掠翼机翼设计的一种型态,特指机翼沿着翼展方向的轴线与机身具有一个向后的角度,即掠角为锐角。机翼的后掠程度由后掠角大小来进行表示。 后掠翼是平直机翼发展而来的,适用于较高的飞行速度,气动特点为可增大机翼的临界速度,并减小超音速飞行时的阻力

后掠翼的理论最初由德国人在1930年代提出,第二次世界大战期间,使用后掠翼设计的飞机开始出现,包括德国的Me 262战斗机Me 163战斗机。但是Me 262使用后掠翼的原意并非针对高速飞行下的控制。

第二次世界大战之后,随着飞行速度的提高,后掠翼和其他适合高速飞行的机翼同时受到广泛的注意,但是随着使用经验的累积,后掠翼逐渐成为1950到1960年代很常见的设计之一。

后掠翼不仅使用于军用飞机,巡航速度在亚音速范围的民航机也大量采用这种设计,以取得速度与航程之间的最佳效益。

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后掠翼
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