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Radium

88 frankiumradiumaktinium
Ba

Ra

Ubn
Algemeen
Naam, simbool, getal radium, Ra, 88
Chemiese reeks aardalkalimetale
Groep, periode, blok 2, 7, s
Voorkoms silwerig wit
Atoommassa (226) g/mol
Elektronkonfigurasie [Ra] 7s2
Elektrone per skil 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 2
Fisiese eienskappe
Toestand vastestof
Digtheid (naby k.t.) 5.5 g/cm³
Smeltpunt 1233 K
(960 °C)
Kookpunt 2010 K
(1737 °C)
Smeltingswarmte 8.5 kJ/mol
Verdampingswarmte 113 kJ/mol
Dampdruk
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
teen T/K 819 906 1037 1209 1446 1799
Atoomeienskappe
Kristalstruktuur kubies liggaamsgesentreerd
Strukturbericht-kode A2
Oksidasietoestande 2 (verwag om 'n sterk
basiese oksied te hê)
Elektronegatiwiteit 0.9 (Skaal van Pauling)
Ionisasie-energieë 1ste: 509.3 kJ/mol
2de: 979.0 kJ/mol
3de: kJ/mol
Kovalente radius 221±2 pm
Diverse
Magnetiese rangskikking niemagneties
Elektriese resistiwiteit (20 °C) 1 nΩ·m
Termiese geleidingsvermoë (300 K) 18.6 W/(m·K)
CAS-registernommer 7440-14-4
Vernaamste isotope
Isotope van Radium
iso NV halfleeftyd VM VE (MeV) VP
223Ra spoor 11.43 d α 5.99 219Rn
224Ra spoor 3.6319 d α 5.789 220Rn
225Ra sin 14.9 d β− 0.356 225Ac
226Ra spoor 1600 j α 4.871 222Rn
228Ra spoor 5.75 j β− 0.046 228Ac
Portaal Chemie

Radium is 'n chemiese element in die periodieke tabel met die simbool Ra en atoomgetal 88. Radium kom natuurlik net as vervalproduk van uraan voor en dit word in pikglans en karnotiet aangetref. Radium is in 1898 deur Marie Curie en Pierre Curie ontdek en eers in 1911 as metaal geïsoleer. Die metaal het vier natuurlike isotope.

Radiochemie

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Radium het vier natuurlike isotope en heelparty sintetiese.[1]

Massa Verval Halfleeftyd Bron
213 α 2,7 min Th + p; Pb + C6+
219 α ~10-3 s dogter 223Th
220 α 30 ms dogter 224Th
221 α 30 s dogter 225Th
222 α 38 s dogter 226Th
223 (AcX) α 11,435 dae natuurlik; afstammeling 235U
224 (ThX) α 3,64 dae natuurlik; afstammeling 232Th
225 β- 14,8 dae dogter 229Th
226 α 1622 jaar natuurlik; astammeling 238U
227 β- 41,2 min Ra226(n,γ)
228 (MsTh1 β- 6,7 jaar natuurlik; afstammeling 232Th
229 β- ~1 min dogter 233Th
230 β- 1 uur Th +d

Verwysings

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  1. H.W. Kirby; Murrell L. Salutsky (1964). The radiochemistry of radium (PDF). US Atomic Energy Commission.((cite book)): AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (link)

Eksterne skakels

[wysig | wysig bron]
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
Alkalimetale Aardalkalimetale Lantaniede Aktiniede Oorgangsmetale Hoofgroepmetale Metalloïde Niemetale Halogene Edelgasse Chemie onbekend


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Radium
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