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Holmium

67 disprosiumholmiumerbium
-

Ho

Es
Algemeen
Naam, simbool, getal holmium, Ho, 67
Chemiese reeks lantaniede
Groep, periode, blok 3, 6, f
Voorkoms silwerwit metaal
Atoommassa 164,930 (1) g/mol
Elektronkonfigurasie [Xe] 4f116s2
Fisiese eienskappe
Toestand vastestof
Digtheid (naby k.t.) 8,80 g/cm³
Smeltpunt 1745 K
(1472 °C)
Kookpunt 2973 K
(2700 °C)
Warmtekapasiteit (25 °C) 26,3 J/(mol·K)
Atoomeienskappe
Kristalstruktuur seskantig-diggepak
Ruimtegroep P6₃/mmc  nommer: 194
Strukturbericht-kode A3
Oksidasietoestande 3
(matige basiese oksied)
Elektronegatiwiteit 1,23 (Skaal van Pauling)

Holmium is 'n chemiese element wat tot die lantaniede behoort. Die element is in 1878 deur Per Teodor Cleve in Uppsala en (onafhanklik) deur Marc Delafontaine en Louis Soret in Genève ontdek. Die naam verwys na die stad Stockholm ("Holmia").[1]

Dit is 'n sagte, glansende silwerwit metaal wat in droë lug stabiel is. Dit word stadig deur suurstof en water aangetas. Die element word in minerale as monasiet en bastnäsiet aangetref. Dit is taamlik seldsaam, hoewel dit steeds 20 keer meer volop as silwer is. Dit het geen biologiese rol nie en dit lyk of sy giftigheid taamlik beperk is.[2]

Holmium word in YAG-lasers aangewend wat geneeskundige gebruike besit.[3]

Sien ook

[wysig | wysig bron]

Verwysings

[wysig | wysig bron]
  1. "rsc.org" (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Mei 2020.
  2. "Lenntech" (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 30 Maart 2019.
  3. Holmium laser and other energy sources for endourology Rajeev Kumar, Narmada P. Gupta, BI Publications Pvt Ltd, 2004, ISBN 8172252021, ISBN 9788172252021

Eksterne skakels

[wysig | wysig bron]
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
Alkalimetale Aardalkalimetale Lantaniede Aktiniede Oorgangsmetale Hoofgroepmetale Metalloïde Niemetale Halogene Edelgasse Chemie onbekend


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Holmium
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