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Alfaverval

Alfaverval is 'n vorm van radio-aktiewe verval waarin die onstabiele kern 'n alfadeeltjie uitstraal. 'n Alfadeeltjie is basies 'n heliumkern - 4He (dus, 'n heliumkern sonder sy twee elektrone).

Byvoorbeeld, uraan-238 wat verval deur die vrystelling van 'n α-partikel om torium-234 te vorm kan soos volg uitgedruk word:

Omdat 'n alfapartikel dieselfde is as die nukleus van 'n helium-4-atoom kan dit ook soos volg uitgedruk word:

Helium se kern bestaan uit twee protone en twee neutrone. Dus die atoomgetal gelyk aan 2 en die aantal nukleone gelyk aan 4. Dit word geskryf as 42He, soos hierbo gewys.

Die uitstraling van alfa-deeltjies sal die betrokke atoomkern se massagetal met 4 en sy atoomgetal met 2 laat afneem. Die dogterelement wat so gevorm word, sal dus 2 posisies na links van die moederelement op die periodieke tabel lê.

Kyk ook

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Alfaverval
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