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三氟化钛

三氟化钛
别名 titanium trifluoride
识别
CAS号 13470-08-1  checkY
PubChem 83506
ChemSpider 75341
SMILES
 
  • F[Ti](F)F
InChI
 
  • 1/3FH.Ti/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
InChIKey NLPMQGKZYAYAFE-DFZHHIFOAU
EINECS 236-732-4
性质
化学式 TiF3
摩尔质量 104.88 g·mol⁻¹
外观 紫色到紫红色粉末
密度 3.4 g/cm3
熔点 1200°C
沸点 1400°C
溶解性 难溶
结构
晶体结构 三方晶系hR24
空间群 R-3c, No. 167
危险性
欧盟分类 未提及
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

三氟化钛TiF3)是钛元素的一种氟化物。该物质难溶于水、稀酸、稀碱溶液,但会被浓酸分解,因此需避免与强酸接触。

制备

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三氟化钛最早于1954年制得,当时将金属钛与氟化氢反应制得了该物质:

实际生产中将氢气与氟化氢按1:4混合后在700℃下与金属钛反应4-5小时,产率约为90%,需要严格控制温度,因为温度如果太高则会生成四氟化钛

气气氛保护下,在一支舟中用金属钛还原四氟化钛也可制得三氟化钛,一开始先在550℃下处理3-4小时,然后再900℃下反应6-8h,产率也可达到90%。然后在1000℃下真空升华提纯产物:

另一种方法是三氯化钛与氟化氢气体进行复分解反应

一开始温度控制在425℃,然后迅速升温至700℃,最后迅速冷却,最佳产率只有30%,因此不太常用。但是不需要用成本较高的金属钛。用氢气在650℃时还原六氟钛酸铵也得三氟化钛,产率更低,约为17%:

因为反应温度下部分原料未发生还原早已升华,因此产率低。[1]

用途

[编辑]

它可用于制取钛氟玻璃。

参考资料

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  1. ^ 张青莲. 《无机化学丛书》第八卷:钛分族、钒分族、铬分族. 北京: 科学出版社. : P24. ISBN 7-03-002238-6. 
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三氟化钛
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