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四碘化钛

四碘化钛
IUPAC名
Titanium(IV) iodide
别名 碘化钛、碘化钛(IV)
识别
CAS号 7720-83-4  checkY
PubChem 111328
ChemSpider 99888
SMILES
 
  • [Ti](I)(I)(I)I
InChI
 
  • 1/4HI.Ti/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4/rI4Ti/c1-5(2,3)4
InChIKey NLLZTRMHNHVXJJ-CDYINDSBAY
EINECS 231-754-0
性质
化学式 TiI4
摩尔质量 555.49 g·mol⁻¹
外观 红棕色晶体
密度 4.3 g/cm3
熔点 150 °C[1]
沸点 379 °C
溶解性 水解
溶解性(其他溶剂) 可溶于CH2Cl2CHCl3CS2
结构
晶体结构 立方 (a = 12.21 Å)
配位几何 四面体
偶极矩 0 D
危险性
警示术语 R:R34, R37
安全术语 S:S26, S36/37/39, S45
主要危害 剧烈水解
腐蚀性
相关物质
相关化合物 四氯化钛四溴化钛
四碘化碳
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

四碘化钛碘化物化学式TiI4。它为分子晶体,分子为正四面体构型,钛(IV)占中心。[2]它可在常压下蒸馏而不分解,并且它与TiCl4的熔点差异(150°C与-24°C)也与CCl4CI4的熔点差异(-23°C与168°C)类似,表明碘化物中存在的强分子间作用力。

生产

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四碘化钛可通过以下三种方法生产:

1) 单质425°C下在管式炉中化合:[1]

Ti + 2 I2 → TiI4

相应的可逆反应可用于生产高纯的金属钛。[3]

2) 四氯化钛HI进行复分解反应:

TiCl4 + 4 HI → TiI4 + 4 HCl

3) 二氧化钛碘化铝进行复分解反应:

3 TiO2 + 4 AlI3 → 3 TiI4 + 2 Al2O3

反应

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四碘化钛与四氯化钛和四溴化钛类似,作为路易斯酸,与路易斯碱生成加合物,也可发生还原反应。金属钛存在下还原,得到Ti(III)和Ti(II)的聚合物,如CsTi2I7及链状的CsTiI3[4]CH2Cl2溶液与烯烃炔烃反应,生成有机碘化物。[5]

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 R. Neil Lowry, Robert C. Fay, B. L. Chamberland. Earl L. Muetterties , 编. Titanium(IV) Iodide. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007-01-05: 1–6 [2021-01-12]. ISBN 9780470132418. doi:10.1002/9780470132418.ch1. 
  2. ^ Tornqvist EGM, Libby WF. Crystal Structure, Solubility, and Electronic Spectrum of Titanium Tetraiodide. Inorganic Chemistry. 1979, 18: 1792. doi:10.1021/ic50197a013.  DOI
  3. ^ Blumenthal WB, Smith H. Titanium tetraiodide, Preparation and Refining. Industrial and Engenieering Chemistry. 1950, 2: 249.  DOI
  4. ^ Jongen, L.; Gloger, T.; Beekhuizen, J.; Meyer, G. "Divalent Titanium: The Halides ATiX3 (A = K, Rb, Cs; X = Cl, Br, I)" Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie 2005, volume 631, pages 582-586.
  5. ^ Shimizu, Makoto; Toyoda, Tadahiro; Baba, Toru. An Intriguing Hydroiodination of Alkenes and Alkynes with Titanium Tetraiodide. Synlett 2005, volume 16, pages 2516-2518.
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四碘化钛
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