YNLF_31C病毒与YNLF_34C病毒
YNLF_31C病毒与YNLF_34C病毒
| |
|---|---|
病毒分类 
| |
| （未分级）： | 病毒 Virus |
| 域： | 核糖病毒域 Riboviria |
| 界： | 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae |
| 门： | 小核糖病毒门 Pisuviricota |
| 纲： | 小南嵌套病毒纲 Pisoniviricetes |
| 目： | 套式病毒目 Nidovirales |
| 科： | 冠状病毒科 Coronaviridae |
| 属： | 乙型冠状病毒属 Betacoronavirus |
| 亚属： | SARS乙型冠状病毒亚属 Sarbecovirus |
| 种： | |
| 毒株： | YNLF_31C病毒与YNLF_34C病毒 YNLF_31C；YNLF_34C
|
YNLF_31C病毒（bat SL-CoV YNLF-31C；SARSr-Rf-BatCoV YNLF_31C）与YNLF_34C病毒（bat SL-CoV YNLF-34C；SARSr-Rf-BatCoV YNLF_34C）皆为严重急性呼吸道综合征相关冠状病毒（SARSr-CoV）的病毒株，在中国云南的马铁菊头蝠样本中发现，于2015年发表。这两个病毒株的基因组序列与造成SARS事件的SARS-CoV相似度皆为93%，略低于WIV1病毒、SHC014病毒等较早发表的病毒株，但其ORF8（编码对SARS-CoV跨物种传播相当重要的辅助蛋白）与SARS-CoV的相似度特别高[1]，核酸与氨基酸序列相似度皆约为82%[2][注 1]，高于WIV1等病毒株（约33%）。
发现与研究
[编辑]YNLF_31C病毒与YNLF_34C病毒皆是在一次云南蝙蝠冠状病毒普查的研究中被发现，研究人员在云南多处采集多种蝙蝠样本，发现多种SARS相关病毒的序列，其中两件来自楚雄彝族自治州禄丰县的马铁菊头蝠样本中的病毒复制酶保守区序列和SARS-CoV完全吻合，即YNLF_31C与YNLF_34C。研究人员进一步将这两个病毒株的完整基因组定序，其基因组皆长29723nt，彼此序列几乎相同（相似度99.9%），于2015年发表[1]。
SARS-CoV刺突蛋白中与宿主受体ACE2结合的受体结合结构域（receptor binding domain, RBD）中有5个关键氨基酸为辨识物种所需，YNLF_31C与YNLF_34C仅有其中1个与SARS-CoV相同，另外其RBD与HKU3、Rf1、Rp3与Rm1一样有两段分别长5和12个氨基酸的序列缺失（但不见于WIV1病毒与SHC014病毒）。YNLF_31C与YNLF_34C全基因组序列与SARS-CoV的相似度约为93%，略低于WIV1与SHC014和SARS-CoV的相似度（95%），但其ORF8与SARS-CoV的相似度较高，核酸与氨基酸序列相似度皆约为82%，相较之下WIV1与SHC014的ORF8与SARS-CoV的氨基酸序列相似度仅有约33%，加上此前有在湖北马铁菊头蝠中发现的另一SARS相关病毒株Rf1的ORF8与SARS-CoV相似度也较高（80.4%）[3]，因此发表YNLF_31C与YNLF_34C的论文作者提出SARS-CoV可能是马铁菊头蝠的SARSr-CoV（YNLF_31C、YNLF_34C病毒或相关病毒）与中华菊头蝠的SARSr-CoV（WIV、SHC014或相关病毒）间发生重组而产生的假说[1][3][注 1]。
另外YNLF_34C在复制酶1a序列起始处附近的一小段序列（2950－3402）和SARS-CoV的相似度很高，此区可能也曾有基因重组发生[6]。
演化树
[编辑]截至2021年1月[update]，SARS-CoV与相关病毒株的系统发生树：
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
SARS-CoV-2 79 % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
果子狸病毒
人类病毒
注脚
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Lau, Susanna K. P.; Feng, Yun; Chen, Honglin; Luk, Hayes K. H.; Yang, Wei-Hong; Li, Kenneth S. M.; Zhang, Yu-Zhen; Huang, Yi; Song, Zhi-Zhong; Chow, Wang-Ngai; Fan, Rachel Y. Y. Perlman, S. , 编. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus ORF8 Protein Is Acquired from SARS-Related Coronavirus from Greater Horseshoe Bats through Recombination. Journal of Virology. 2015-10-15, 89 (20). ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 4580176
. PMID 26269185. doi:10.1128/JVI.01048-15 （英语）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Yang, Xing-Lou; Hu, Ben; Wang, Bo; Wang, Mei-Niang; Zhang, Qian; Zhang, Wei; Wu, Li-Jun; Ge, Xing-Yi; Zhang, Yun-Zhi; Daszak, Peter; Wang, Lin-Fa. Perlman, S. , 编. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to the Direct Progenitor of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Journal of Virology. 2016-03-15, 90 (6). ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 4810638 . PMID 26719272. doi:10.1128/JVI.02582-15 （英语）.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Hu, Ben; Ge, Xingyi; Wang, Lin-Fa; Shi, Zhengli. Bat origin of human coronaviruses. Virology Journal. 2015, 12 (1). ISSN 1743-422X. doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0422-1.
- ^ Wu, Zhiqiang; Yang, Li; Ren, Xianwen; Zhang, Junpeng; Yang, Fan; Zhang, Shuyi; Jin, Qi. ORF8-Related Genetic Evidence for Chinese Horseshoe Bats as the Source of Human Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2016, 213 (4): 579–583. ISSN 0022-1899. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv476.
- ^ Drosten, Christian; Hu, Ben; Zeng, Lei-Ping; Yang, Xing-Lou; Ge, Xing-Yi; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Xie, Jia-Zheng; Shen, Xu-Rui; Zhang, Yun-Zhi; Wang, Ning; Luo, Dong-Sheng; Zheng, Xiao-Shuang; Wang, Mei-Niang; Daszak, Peter; Wang, Lin-Fa; Cui, Jie; Shi, Zheng-Li. Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus. PLOS Pathogens. 2017, 13 (11): e1006698. ISSN 1553-7374. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006698.
- ^ Li, Xiaojun; Giorgi, Elena E.; Marichannegowda, Manukumar Honnayakanahalli; Foley, Brian; Xiao, Chuan; Kong, Xiang-Peng; Chen, Yue; Gnanakaran, S.; Korber, Bette; Gao, Feng. Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 through recombination and strong purifying selection. Science Advances. 2020, 6 (27): eabb9153. ISSN 2375-2548. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb9153.
- ^ Kim, Yongkwan; Son, Kidong; Kim, Young-Sik; Lee, Sook-Young; Jheong, Weonhwa; Oem, Jae-Ku. Complete genome analysis of a SARS-like bat coronavirus identified in the Republic of Korea. Virus Genes. 2019-08, 55 (4). ISSN 0920-8569. PMC 7089380 . PMID 31076983. doi:10.1007/s11262-019-01668-w （英语）.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Li, Wendong; Shi, Zhengli; Yu, Meng; Ren, Wuze; Smith, Craig; Epstein, Jonathan H.; Wang, Hanzhong; Crameri, Gary; Hu, Zhihong; Zhang, Huajun; Zhang, Jianhong. Bats Are Natural Reservoirs of SARS-Like Coronaviruses. Science. 2005-10-28, 310 (5748). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.1118391 （英语）.
- ^ 9.0 9.1 Ge, Xing-Yi; Hu, Ben; Shi, Zheng-Li. Bat Coronaviruses. Wang, Lin-Fa (编). Bats and Viruses. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2015-06-26: 127–155. ISBN 978-1-118-81882-4. doi:10.1002/9781118818824.ch5 （英语）.
- ^ He, Biao; Zhang, Yuzhen; Xu, Lin; Yang, Weihong; Yang, Fanli; Feng, Yun; Xia, Lele; Zhou, Jihua; Zhen, Weibin; Feng, Ye; Guo, Huancheng. Perlman, S. , 编. Identification of Diverse Alphacoronaviruses and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus from Bats in China. Journal of Virology. 2014-06-15, 88 (12). ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 4054348 . PMID 24719429. doi:10.1128/JVI.00631-14 （英语）.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Ge, Xing-Yi; Li, Jia-Lu; Yang, Xing-Lou; Chmura, Aleksei A.; Zhu, Guangjian; Epstein, Jonathan H.; Mazet, Jonna K.; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Peng, Cheng; Zhang, Yu-Ji. Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor. Nature. 2013-11, 503 (7477). Bibcode:2013Natur.503..535G. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 5389864 . PMID 24172901. doi:10.1038/nature12711 （英语）.
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Cover photo is available under {{::mainImage.info.license.name || 'Unknown'}} license.
Cover photo is available under {{::mainImage.info.license.name || 'Unknown'}} license.
Credit:
(see original file).
